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- W1965718105 abstract "Although apoptosis is considered one of the major mechanisms of CD4+ T cell depletion in HIV-infected patients, the virus-infected cells somehow appear to be protected from apoptosis, which generally occurs in bystander cells. Vpr is an auxiliary HIV-1 protein, which, unlike the other regulatory gene products, is present at high copy number in virus particles. We established stable transfectants of CD4+ T Jurkat cells constitutively expressing low levels of vpr. These clones exhibited cell cycle characteristics similar to those of control-transfected cells. Treatment of control clones with apoptotic stimuli (i.e., cycloheximide/tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), anti-Fas antibody, or serum starvation) resulted in a massive cell death by apoptosis. In contrast, all the vpr-expressing clones showed an impressive protection from apoptosis independently of the inducer. Notably, vpr antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides render vpr-expressing cells as susceptible to apoptosis induced by cycloheximide and TNF-α as the control clones. Moreover, the constitutive expression of HIV-1 vpr resulted in the upregulation of bcl-2, an oncogene endowed with antiapoptotic activities, and in the downmodulation of bax, a proapoptotic factor of the bcl-2 family. Altogether, these results suggest that low levels of the endogenous vpr protein can interfere with the physiological turnover of T lymphocytes at early stages of virus infection, thus facilitating HIV persistence and, subsequently, viral spread. This might explain why apoptosis mostly occurs in bystander uninfected cells in AIDS patients." @default.
- W1965718105 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1965718105 date "1998-02-02" @default.
- W1965718105 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W1965718105 title "The HIV-1 vpr Protein Acts as a Negative Regulator of Apoptosis in a Human Lymphoblastoid T Cell Line: Possible Implications for the Pathogenesis of AIDS" @default.
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- W1965718105 doi "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.187.3.403" @default.
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