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• W1966644983 abstract "Heme plays an important biomodulating role in various cell functions. In this study, we examined the effects of hemin on cellular sensitivity to imatinib and other anti-leukemia reagents. Hemin treatment of human BCR/ABL-positive KCL22 leukemia cells increased IC50 values of imatinib, that is, the drug resistance, in a dose-dependent manner without any change in the BCR/ABL kinase activity. Imatinib-induced apoptosis was also suppressed by hemin treatment in KCL22 cells. Hemin treatment increased the activity of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) light subunit gene promoter, which contains a Maf recognition element (MARE). Protein levels of γ-GCS and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), two MARE-containing genes, were also increased after hemin treatment. Knockdown of Nrf2 expression by RNA interference largely abolished the effect of hemin on imatinib-treated cells, suggesting that Nrf2 recognition of MARE is essential for the hemin-mediated protective effect. Similar to hemin, treatment of cells with δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA), the obligatory heme precursor, also increased IC50 values of imatinib. In contrast, inhibition of cellular heme synthesis by succinylacetone increased the sensitivity of cells to imatinib in two imatinib-resistant cell lines, KCL22/SR and KU812/SR. Hemin treatment also decreased the sensitivity of cells to four anthracyclins, daunorubicin, idarubicin, doxorubicin, and mitoxantrone, in BCR/ABL-negative leukemia U937 and THP-1 cells, as well as in KCL22 cells. These findings thus indicate that cellular heme level plays an important role in determining the sensitivity of cells to imatinib and certain other anti-leukemia drugs and that the effect of heme may be mediated via its ability to upregulate Nrf2 activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 680–691, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc." @default.
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• W1966644983 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W1966644983 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W1966644983 title "Hemin reduces cellular sensitivity to imatinib and anthracyclins via Nrf2" @default.
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• W1966644983 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.21659" @default.
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