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• W1966919025 abstract "In England during the 1930s, it became evident that bacteremia from dental procedures could cause the distant infection of bacterial endocarditis [1,2]. With the onset of the antibiotic era, health care providers assumed that if antibiotics could cure an infection, they may also be able to prevent them. Work began more than 40 years ago to investigate how antibiotics may be able to prevent potentially devastating infections such as bacterial endocarditis. Therefore, the concept of using antibiotics as a prophylactic measure to prevent infection from dentally induced bacteremia has existed since at least 1955 [3]. Distant infections resulting from seeding of bacteria caused by dental manipulations have been a matter of controversy. Indeed, the incidence of bacteremia with dental treatment (including surgical procedures) is not vastly different from the bacteremia that can be generated by chewing and by home oral hygiene procedures. In addition, the net benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis is hard to quantify because only a few of the many patients who are given prophylactic antibiotics may actually benefit from them. This fact must be weighed against the potentially adverse side effects of the antibiotics themselves (allergy, toxicity, superinfection, and selection of resistant organisms) [4]. Nevertheless, the empiric use of antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures, especially surgical procedures, has become a wellestablished practice among dental professionals. This practice began for prevention of bacterial endocarditis, but has spread to include patients at risk of developing infections of prosthetic joints, those with depressed immune systems from a variety of causes, those with synthetic implants of various kinds, and to prevent postoperative infection in a variety of patients undergoing intraoral procedures. Failure to provide prophylaxis when a distant or significant postoperative infection occurs has become a major source of malpractice lawsuits across the country [5]. Since there are far more attorneys than dentists in the United States, antibiotics are often readily prescribed with a lack of true medical indication. For some conditions (bacterial endocarditis and patients with prosthetic joint replacements), there are consensus guidelines published by reputable organizations. The dentist must be aware of these well-known conditions and guidelines. For other conditions, the indications and literature are conflicting or unclear. In addition, the dental practitioner who consults with the patient’s physician for guidance may receive inadequate, conflicting, or widely varying protocols [6]. The purpose of this article is to review current medical and dental literature and attempt to arrive at a rational guideline for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in dentoalveolar surgery. Those conditions and procedures not requiring the use of antibiotics will also be discussed. Finally, there is a brief discussion concerning the global overuse of antibiotics and its consequences." @default.
• W1966919025 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1966919025 date "2002-05-01" @default.
• W1966919025 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W1966919025 title "Antibiotic prophylaxis in dentoalveolar surgery" @default.
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• W1966919025 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1042-3699(02)00005-5" @default.
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