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- W1966951909 abstract "Transmission electron microscopy was employed to characterize soot obtained by combusting mixtures of toluene and organometallic additives. Utilizing iodotrimethyl platinum (IV) as a model compound, it is shown that low additive concentrations (10−4M Pt) result in the formation of small metal particles less than 3.0 nm in diameter. Higher additive concentrations (10−3M Pt) produced larger metal particles 5.0 to 6.0 nm in diameter. Literature data indicate that large metal particles arc less active than small metal particles for promoting carbon oxidation and suggest there may be advantages in utilizing low additive concentrations. Two alkaline earth metal additives, Ba and Ca naphthenate, resulted in little soot production and no metal was detected in the product soot. The effectiveness of the alkaline earth metals in reducing soot emissions in the flame suggest that they may be good candidates for controlling engine-out particulate emissions. However, the poor contact between the metal and the resulting soot indicates that Ba and Ca naphthenates may be poor additives for use in conjunction with aftertreatment devices in diesel vehicles. Ferrocene and ferric acetylacetonate, when introduced with the same Fe concentration, differed significantly in their production of iron particles—no particles were observed with the ferrocene and very small Fe particles were observed with ferric acetyl acetonate. The difference between the two additives is attributed to differences in their volatility and thermal stability. The different extents of metal incorporation obtained with ferrocene and ferric acetylacetonate show the significance of the organic portion of the additive in determining the metal-carbon contact and ultimately the effectiveness of an additive." @default.
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- W1966951909 date "1988-01-01" @default.
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- W1966951909 title "Characterization of metal-soot systems by transmission electron microscopy" @default.
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- W1966951909 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(88)90076-0" @default.
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