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- W1967462784 abstract "Biomarkers are defined as “cellular, biochemical or molecular alterations that are measured in biological media such as human tissues, cells, or fluids”. Biomarkers can be used as a risk factors, diagnostic tests, prognosis indictors, or as predictors of progression, regression or outcomes of treatment of disease. For Alzheimer's disease, when the biomarker is obtained in the disease course is critical for interpretation. Genetic variability provides a compelling method of assessing disease risk and may be helping in determining disease course. Risk assessment, estimated attributable risk and prognostic assessment of genetic variants associated with Alzheimer's disease will be reviewed with regard to the current list of susceptibility genes. The e4 allelic variant of APOE increases “susceptibility” to Alzheimer's disease in a dose dependent fashion. Because APOE-e4 is a common allelic variant the population attributable risk (PAR) is estimated to be about 20%, making it the most common genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Several other Alzheimer disease susceptibility genes have been suggested: ACE, CHRNB2, CST3, ESR1, GAB2, GAPDHS, IDE, LRP6, MTHFR, NCSTN, PRNP, PSEN1, SORL1, TF, TFAM and TNF, but further confirmation is needed to determine their consistency, identify relevant genetic effectors and to estimate the PAR. Biomarkers, such as plasma Aβ, may be endophenotypes that also genetically influence susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. Thus far only APOE variants have been related to prognosis, but with mixed results suggesting that patients with APOE-e4 progress more rapidly than those with other variants. APOE does not improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. With a major cooperative effort underway to identify and quantify the genetic influences on Alzheimer's disease, many of these putative genetic variants will be confirmed and new ones identified. Genetic biomarkers will eventually provide a dynamic and powerful approach to understanding the spectrum of Alzheimer's disease from susceptibility to progression and will have obvious applications in analytic epidemiology, clinical trials and disease prevention, diagnosis and disease management. Support R37AG15473, U24AG026395 & PO1AG07232." @default.
- W1967462784 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1967462784 creator A5077632970 @default.
- W1967462784 date "2008-07-01" @default.
- W1967462784 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1967462784 title "S2-01-05: The use of genetic variants as biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease" @default.
- W1967462784 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.273" @default.
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