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• W1967571844 endingPage "407" @default.
• W1967571844 startingPage "375" @default.
• W1967571844 abstract "Most animals have a central nervous system. Sense organs are the structures that convert information about the outside world and the inside environment into a form suitable for processing by the central nervous system. The most usual form into which this information is transformed is a series of propagated nerve impulses. A nerve impulse is a self-propagating conductance change in a nerve membrane. It is initiated by an electric current being driven outwards through the membrane, and some sense organs are known to generate such currents. Sensory cells are stimulated only by mechanical deformation, light, temperature change or certain chemicals. Sense organs consist of appropriate sensory cells and subsidiary physical structures that present aspects of the environment in the form of a stimulus. The magnitude of the output of sense organs is non-linearly related to the input. Frequently the output is approximately proportional to the logarithm of the input. Most sense organs have band-pass frequency characteristics: emphasis is given to the rate of change of the input but short stimuli are transformed ballistically. The eye and skin show spatial characteristics analogous to these temporal ones: rate of change with respect to position is emphasized, and summation over small areas takes place. Spatial and temporal properties interact. Colour discrimination by the eye has only three degrees of freedom. Recent observations have confirmed that there are three types of cone in the eye, each containing its own photolabile pigment. Receptor cells generate noise and in certain circumstances the eye behaves as a judge of constant fallibility in identifying signals in the presence of noise. Some sense organs are under control of the central nervous system, either as a relay of feedback information or in an independent manner." @default.
• W1967571844 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1967571844 creator A5044019337 @default.
• W1967571844 date "1967-07-01" @default.
• W1967571844 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W1967571844 title "Sense organs - transducers of the environment" @default.
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