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• W1968024404 abstract "Abstract Studies on the normal and parasitized rat intestine were used to investigate the effect of the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, on in vivo intestinal lumenal oxygen tensions, acid-base balance and mucosal absorption and accumulation of fluid and glucose. The lumenal bulk aqueous phase is considerable, well mixed and aerobic with an oxygen tension of 40–50 mm Hg. Neither the unstirred layers adjacent to the brush border membrane nor the area adjacent to the mucosa (“paramucosal lumen”) are significant barriers to the diffusion of oxygen from the blood to the intestinal lumen. In the uninfected distal ileum and colon anoxic conditions may occur in the central lumen, but, in the parasitized intestine fluid absorption is reduced and anoxic conditions do not occur. Increased H+ ion concentration in the parasitized intestine plays a role in increasing the availability of oxygen to intestinal helminths. Concomitant with the lower pH, the pCO2 in the lumen of the parasitized intestine was twice as high as that found in normal animals. The total CO2 in the parasitized intestine steadily decreased over a 3-h perfusion period, while in the normal intestine the total CO2 content increased after an initial fall during the first 30 min of perfusion. When the worms were removed, the ability of the intestine to restore normal acid-base balance was restored. Glucose and fluid absorption in both the infected and uninfected intestine were reduced by an increase in H+ ion concentration; both parameters were lower in the parasitized intestine than in the normal animals. Low pH increased fluid and glucose transport by H. diminuta. While the dry weights of both the parasitized and uninfected total small intestine and of the intestinal mucosa were the same, the wet weights were considerably different, indicating defective fluid balance in the infected intestine. Accumulation of glucose by the parasitized mucosa was greater than in control animals and decreased with an increase in H+ ion concentration. The glucose transport system in the parasitized gut was therefore affected at two levels, one at the brush border, where transport into the mucosa was decreased by lowering the pH, and secondly at the level of the basal and lateral membranes, where transport out of the mucosal tissue into the circulatory system was also reduced. The above results are discussed in terms of current widely accepted but erroneous concepts relating to the intestinal ‘microcosm’." @default.
• W1968024404 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1968024404 creator A5003232527 @default.
• W1968024404 creator A5056981944 @default.
• W1968024404 date "1974-06-01" @default.
• W1968024404 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W1968024404 title "Pathophysiology of cestode infections: Effect of Hymenolepis diminuta on oxygen tensions, pH and gastrointestinal function" @default.
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• W1968024404 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(74)90083-6" @default.
• W1968024404 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4853555" @default.
• W1968024404 hasPublicationYear "1974" @default.
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