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- W1968751087 abstract "Abstract Reclamation of municipal wastewater is receiving increasing attention in Saudi Arabia. In the reclamation process desalination of wastewater becomes necessary when total dissolved solids (TSS) concentration is high. At most locations in Saudi Arabia the TDS of wastewaters ranges between 2000 and 4000 mg/l. A considerable fraction of the dissolved solids is due to salts of divalent cations, magnesium and calcium. Chemical precipitation of these salts would therefore be required as either a single step treatment in the reclamation process or as a preparatory treatment in conjunction with reverse osmosis or electrodialysis. The present study was conducted to investigate the chemical treatment of raw and biologically treated wastewater at Dhahran. Two chemicals lime and sodium hydroxide were used. Both were effective in reduction of TDS and hardness. Some typical preliminary results of treatment of secondary effluent are given in the following table. t001 . Chemical Treatment of Secondary Effluent, Dhahran Treatment Total Hardness, mg/l as CaCo3 Calcium Hardness mg/l asCaCo3 Alkalinity, mg/l as CaCo3 TDS,mg/l No treatment 1038 631 165 3875 CaO,500 mg/l 1018 978 172 3356 NaOH,500 mg/l 399 359 154 3095 CaO,500 mg +Na2Co3,600 mg/l 378 367 154 2168 NaOH, 500 mg/l+ Na2CO3 400 mg/l 107 87 266 2342 The low reduction of TDS and hardness when excess lime was used is due to the fact that recarbonation was not carried out. The phosphorus concentration was reduced from 4mg/l to less than 0.01 mg/l at 100 mg/l dose of either chemicals. The secondary effluent before and after treatment contained less than 0.01 mg/l of Cr and Cu and 0.5 mg/l Pb. Zinc Which was present in a concentration of 0.1 mg/l in the secondary effluent Was reduced" @default.
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- W1968751087 date "1981-11-01" @default.
- W1968751087 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1968751087 title "Chemical treatment for reuse of waste water effluents in saudi arabia" @default.
- W1968751087 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(00)86088-9" @default.
- W1968751087 hasPublicationYear "1981" @default.
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