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• W1968828365 abstract "Diabetes is a significant healthcare problem worldwide and its incidence is rising. Type 2 diabetes patients are at significant risk of developing additional major diseases, especially obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. All of these conditions are associated with adverse cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction, stroke, and death. Current research is focused on several distinct classes of pharmacological targets in an effort to identify effective therapies for diabetes. Recently, several antidiabetic agents have been identified that promote anabolism, such as agonists for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and retinoid X receptor (RXR). PPARγ and RXR are ligand activated transcription factors that form a heterodimeric complex that mediates fat cell differentiation and expression of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. PPARγ and RXR agonists, such as the thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and rexinoids, respectively, improve insulin sensitivity and increase repartitioning of sugars and lipids from serum into peripheral tissues. In addition, molecular targets affecting catabolism, such as 3-adrenoceptors (3-ARs) and uncoupling proteins (UCPs), are being evaluated for treating Type 2 diabetes and obesity. Agents that increase UCP and 3-AR activity increase thermogenesis and metabolic rate, which may result in decreased fat and carbohydrate storage. Since diabetes results from a wide variety of clinical and metabolic problems arising from multiple cellular defects, it is likely that a combination of these pharmacological approaches will be required to treat the disease. Specifically, a combination of anabolic and catabolic agents that promote fat and carbohydrate utilisation in peripheral tissues (i.e., fat and muscle) may provide the greatest benefit for treating patients with diabetes." @default.
• W1968828365 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1968828365 date "1999-09-01" @default.
• W1968828365 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W1968828365 title "Therapeutic approaches to Type 2 diabetes mellitus" @default.
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• W1968828365 doi "https://doi.org/10.1517/13543776.9.9.1223" @default.
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