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• W1969218745 abstract "Compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) provides a plant nutrient imbalance index (CND - r 2 ) with assumed χ 2 distribution. The Mahalanobis distance D 2 , which detects outliers in compositional data sets, has a χ 2 distribution. The objective of this paper was to compare D 2 and CND – r 2 nutrient imbalance indexes in corn (Zea mays L.). We measured grain yield as well as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the ear leaf at silk stage for 210 calibration sites in the St. Lawrence Lowlands [2300–2700 corn thermal units (CTU)] as well as 30 phosphorus (2300–2700 CTU; 10 sites) and 10 nitrogen (1900–2100 CTU; one site) replicated fertilizer treatments for validation. We derived CND norms as mean, standard deviation, and the inverse covariance matrix of centred log ratios (clr) for high yielding specimens (≥9.0 Mg grain ha–1 at 150 g H2O kg–1 moisture content) in the 2300–2700 CTU zone. Using χ 2 = 17 (P < 0.05) with nine degrees of freedom (i.e., nine nutrients) as a rejection criterion for outliers and a yield threshold of 8.6 Mg ha–1 after Cate-Nelson partitioning between low- and high-yielders in the P validation data set, D 2 misclassified two specimens compared with nine for CND –r 2 . The D 2 classification was not significantly different from a χ 2 classification (P > 0.05), but the CND – r 2 classification differed significantly from χ 2 or D 2 (P < 0.001). A threshold value for nutrient imbalance could thus be derived probabilistically for conducting D 2 diagnosis, while the CND – r 2 nutrient imbalance threshold must be calibrated using fertilizer trials. In the proposed CND –D 2 procedure, D 2 is first computed to classify the specimen as possible outlier. Thereafter, nutrient indices are ranked in their order of limitation. The D 2 norms appeared less effective in the 1900–2100 CTU zone. Key words: Nutrient balance, simplex closure, variance-covariance matrix, χ 2 distribution, grain corn, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization" @default.
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• W1969218745 date "2009-08-01" @default.
• W1969218745 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W1969218745 title "Compositional nutrient diagnosis of corn using the Mahalanobis distance as nutrient imbalance index" @default.
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• W1969218745 doi "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss08050" @default.
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