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- W1969490634 abstract "Abstract The progressive increase in alveolar surface activity in the developing fetal lungs is reflected in a terminal rise in surfactant, mainly dipalmitoyl lecithin, in the amniotic fluid. Deficient surfactant is the major cause of neonatal respiratory distress and hyaline membrane disease. In monitoring fetal pulmonary maturation, the ratio between lecithin and sphingomyelin in the amniotic fluid provides a practical alternative to the cumbersome measurement of lecithin concentration. Determination of the lecithin/sphingomyelin area ratio (LSAR) is the preferred method. Respiratory distress only very occasionally occurs when the predelivery LSAR exceeds the critical value of 2.0, maternal diabetes and/or birth asphyxia usually being present in these exceptional cases. As a rapid screening procedure, the simple bubble stability test gives very few false-positive results, but false-negative results (wrongly suggesting that respiratory distress is likely) are fairly common. Amniotic fluid surfactant tests should be available to all obstetric units, with the aim of avoiding intrauterine deaths from placental insufficiency (by immediate delivery when there is sufficient surfactant) and neonatal deaths from respiratory immaturity (by postponing delivery). They are of special value in pregnancies complicated by diabetes or severe rhesus disease, in both of which the terminal increase in surfactant may be inhibited." @default.
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- W1969490634 date "1973-01-01" @default.
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- W1969490634 title "Measurement of pulmonary surfactant in amniotic fluid in the assessment of fetal lung development and of the risk of neonatal respiratory distress" @default.
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- W1969490634 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-2243(73)90065-8" @default.
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