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- W1969657652 abstract "Abstract Spent barks of cinchona, left after extraction of quinine and quinidine released tannic acid and colour in aqueous solution. The maximum amount of tannic acid and colour was recorded in 72–120 h. After 144 h tannic acid concentration of water ranged 0.01–0.015% of the dry spent bark. Static bioassay with analytical grade (AG) tannic acid and spent bark of cinchona showed that 96 h LC50 of tannic acid to tilapia ( Oreochromis mossambicus ) was 107.2 mg l −1 as AG tannic acid and 55 mg l −1 as spent bark (SB) tannic acid. The concentration of tannic acid having a significant effect on the opercular movements of tilapia were 85 mg l −1 as AG tannic acid and 30 mg l −1 as SB tannic acid. A concentration of 0.3 mg l −1 of SB tannic acid reduced the feeding rate of fish. Chronic toxicity testing showed that this dose also reduced the growth and reproduction of tilapia. Similar ill effects were produced by AG tannic acid only at a concentration of 10 mg l −1 ." @default.
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- W1969657652 date "1996-10-01" @default.
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- W1969657652 title "Acute and chronic toxicity of tannic acid and spent bark of cinchona to tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus" @default.
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- W1969657652 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(96)01351-8" @default.
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