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- W1969756820 abstract "Abstract A variety of currently popular electroplated coatings have been exposed to 90°C, 95% RH and 90°C, 0% RH environments for times from 0 to 5000 h. The optical response was measured, and the samples subsequently investigated by surface analytical techniques. The types of coatings examined fall into four groups. Group 1 consists of black chrome coatings deposited on nickel substrates. Group 2 consists of black copper on a copper substrate. Group 3 consists of a black nickel on a nickel substrate. Group 4 consists of black paint with thickness sensitive absorber properties. Under the test conditions employed, only samples from group 1 and 2 were found to exhibit an optical change. Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiles of the chrome and oxygen in group 1 revealed only a slight change in the ratio of the area under the chrome profile to the area under the oxygen profile. Optical results show no difference in the high humidity samples, but a small change after dry exposure. Analysis of the chrome 2P binding energies obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectra indicate a mixture of Cr 6+ , Cr 3+ and Cr in the samples showing no optical or morphological changes. The samples that did exhibit a degraded spectral response and changed morphology were found to contain only Cr 3+ and Cr. The lack of the Cr 6+ valence state in the degraded sample is believed to be responsible for the small changes in morphology and degraded spectral response. A simple reduction-oxidation model can provide the basis for a change in the observed valence states which is related to a change in film density which is manifested in the observed optical and morphological changes. The group 2 coating shows a simple increase in oxidation as revealed from integrated copper oxygen ratios obtained from AES depth profiles. The other coatings are believed to be stable due to the nature of the oxides and protective binder." @default.
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- W1969756820 date "1983-04-01" @default.
- W1969756820 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W1969756820 title "Surface analysis of tested solar coatings" @default.
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- W1969756820 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5963(83)90015-6" @default.
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