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• W1969968987 abstract "Limited depth of penetration significantly limits photodynamic therapy of nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) using topical delta (5)-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). To demonstrate safety and efficacy of orally administered ALA in inducing endogenous protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) production in BCC, 13 patients with BCC ingested ALA in a dose-escalation protocol. All dose ranges (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg single doses) resulted in formation of PpIX in human skin and BCC, measurable by in vivo fluorescence spectrophotometry. The PpIX fluorescence peaked in tumors before normal adjacent skin from 1 to 3 h after ALA ingestion. Gross fluorescence imaging of ex vivo specimens revealed greater PpIX fluorescence in tumor than normal skin only at the 40 mg/kg dose. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed this finding by showing distinct, full-thickness PpIX fluorescence in all subtypes of BCC only after ALA given at 40 mg/kg. Side effects were dose dependent and self limited. Photosensitivity lasting less than 24 h and nausea coinciding with peak skin PpIX fluorescence occurred at 20 and 40 mg/kg doses. After 40 mg/kg ALA, serum hepatic enzyme levels rose to a maximum within 24 h, then resolved over 1-3 weeks. Transient bilirubinuria occurred in two patients." @default.
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• W1969968987 date "1998-01-01" @default.
• W1969968987 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W1969968987 title "Protoporphyrin IX Fluorescence Induced in Basal Cell Carcinoma by Oral δ-Aminolevulinic Acid" @default.
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• W1969968987 doi "https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(1998)067<0249:pifiib>2.3.co;2" @default.
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