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• W1969998632 abstract "A positive association of haptoglobin (Hp* 1/*1) genotype has been reported with human fertility1Bottini N, Gimelfarb A, Gloria-Bottini F, et al. Haptoglobin genotype and natural fertility in humans. Fertil Steril 1999; (in press).Google Scholar and atopic asthma in children.2Bottini N Ronchetti MP Gloria-Bottini F et al.Malaria as a possible evolutionary cause of allergy.Allergy. 1999; 54: 188-189Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar Since atopic asthma is characterised by a preponderant Th2 response, and the maintainance of normal pregnancy seems to be dependent on Th2 immune response,3Raghupathy R Th1-type immunity is incompatible with successful pregnancy.Immunol Today. 1997; 18: 478-482Summary Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (845) Google Scholar our data suggest that Hp* 1/* 1 genotype may favour the development of a Th2 immune response. Isabelle Douek and colleagues4Douek IF Leech NJ Gillmor HA Bingley PJ Gale EA Children with type-1 diabetes and their unaffected siblings have fewer symptoms of asthma.Lancet. 1999; 353: 1850Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (75) Google Scholar suggest that the same genetic factors predisposing to a Th1-mediated disease such as type 1 diabetes mellitus could protect from the development of atopic asthma that is a Th2-mediated disease. This possibility prompted us to search for a possible negative relation between Hp* 1/* 1 genotype and Th1-mediated diseases (such as type 1 diabetes and Crohn's disease) in the same population in which we found associations with Th2-mediated diseases. The table shows that the frequency of Hp*1 /*1 genotype in young puerperae and in atopic children is higher than in normal controls, whereas it is lower in Crohn's disease and type 1 diabetes.TableProportion of Hp*1/*1 genotype in patients with Th1 and Th2 mediated diseases and in controlsNumber/total (%) with Hp*1/*1Crohn's disease (Th1)0/28Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Th1)7/96 (7)Controls217/1956 (11·1)Atopic children (Th2)18/95 (18)Younger peurperae (Th2)16/78 (21)χ2 test indicates significant differences between groups. Patients and methods for the last three groups have been previously described.1Bottini N, Gimelfarb A, Gloria-Bottini F, et al. Haptoglobin genotype and natural fertility in humans. Fertil Steril 1999; (in press).Google Scholar, 2Bottini N Ronchetti MP Gloria-Bottini F et al.Malaria as a possible evolutionary cause of allergy.Allergy. 1999; 54: 188-189Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar Open table in a new tab χ2 test indicates significant differences between groups. Patients and methods for the last three groups have been previously described.1Bottini N, Gimelfarb A, Gloria-Bottini F, et al. Haptoglobin genotype and natural fertility in humans. Fertil Steril 1999; (in press).Google Scholar, 2Bottini N Ronchetti MP Gloria-Bottini F et al.Malaria as a possible evolutionary cause of allergy.Allergy. 1999; 54: 188-189Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar Our data lend support to the hypothesis of Douek and colleagues, suggesting the Hp*1/*1 genotype could be a predisposing factor for Th2- mediated immune responses, while protecting against Th1 responses. A positive association of Hp*1 /*1 genotype with atopic rhinitis, and a negative association between Hp* 1 allele and rheumatoid arthritis (Th1-mediated disease) in patients with a family history of polyarthritis, have been also reported.5Langlois MR Delanghe JR Biological and clinical significance of haptoglobin polymorphism in humans.Clin Chem. 1996; 42: 1589-1600Crossref PubMed Scopus (787) Google Scholar In view of the role of haptoglobin in immune regulation processes,1Bottini N, Gimelfarb A, Gloria-Bottini F, et al. Haptoglobin genotype and natural fertility in humans. Fertil Steril 1999; (in press).Google Scholar the possibility that it could affect the Th1-Th2 balance seems worth further investigation." @default.
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• W1969998632 title "Asthma and diabetes" @default.
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• W1969998632 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)75552-5" @default.
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