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• W1970123335 abstract "Summary 1. The stool of the breast-fed infantis characterized by a high percentage of gram-positive organisms, most prominently L. bifidus . That of the artificially fed infant is more complex, and there is a prominence of the coli-aerogenes group. Staphylococci and streptococci and a few sporeformers are present. The diet, rather than the age, determines the intestinal flora. There is little change in the flora from that of the artificially fed baby to that of the older child. Except in breast-fed infants, most strains of proteus and paracolons may be considered normal inhabitants if they are present in small numbers. 2. The three serotypes of Esch. coli that have most frequently been considered pathogenic in the production of infantile gastroenteritis are 0111B4, 055B5, and 0127B8. Evidence pointing to the pathogenicity of these types includes the isolation of the organism from infants with diarrhea and the demonstration of clinical improvement coincident with its elimination from the stool cultures; the demonstration that it rarely occurs in asymptomatic individuals, unless they have been in contact with positive cases; failure to demonstrate a virus in the stools of such infants; the demonstration of a rise in antibody response during convalescence; and production of disease by the administration of the organism to susceptible individuals. Clinically, epidemics in which these organisms are involved are characterized by a severe illness with a substantial mortality rate and a high degree of contagiousness. Therapy is complicated by resistance of the organisms to many of the antibiotics. Although strains isolated from various epidemics vary in their sensitivities, neomycin at present is the most promising agent. 3. Other members of the “normalflora” of the gastrointestinal tract which have been considered pathogenic in gastroenteritis include paracolons (particularly strains of the Arizona, Bethesda, 29911, and Melbourne groups), proteus (especially morganii), pseudomonas, Staph. aureus , streptococcus, and Klebsiella. Proof of pathogenicity is difficult because any of these organisms may be found in the stools of healthy individuals; their presence even in increased numbers in patients with diarrhea does not establish an etiological relationship; ability to produce an antigenic response in the host, even in the presence of overwhelming infection, cannot always be demonstrated. Evidence largely favors the hypothesis that any of these groups may represent pathogens in the infant group which is unusually susceptible. 4. Administration of practically all antibiotics produces some change in the gastrointestinal flora. The rapid suppression of the gram-negative organisms following the use of Aureomycin or Terramycin has most commonly resulted in the serious complication of Staph. enteritis . The broadspectrum drugs are also most commonly incriminated in the overgrowth by potentially dangerous and frequently resistant organisms, such as yeasts, pseudomonas, and proteus, and Candida albicans ." @default.
• W1970123335 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1970123335 creator A5045848418 @default.
• W1970123335 date "1956-08-01" @default.
• W1970123335 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1970123335 title "The bacterial flora of the intestinal tract: Changes in diarrheal disease and following antimicrobial therapy" @default.
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• W1970123335 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(56)80038-3" @default.
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