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• W1970896643 abstract "ABSTRACT A small micro-computer system with analog-to-digital sampling intervals to 30 microseconds has been developed for field processing of shallow seismic data. This digitizing capability plus an absorption model for marine sediments has allowed the development of a system for predicting acoustic impedance versus travel time. Utilizing regional data tables for soil type versus acoustic impedance and absorption such as Hamilton and Bachman has allowed for the actual prediction of soil type, density, and grain size as a function of depth. The prediction accuracy is closely related to the signal-to-noise (S/N) of the received data, while the depth of penetration and resolution is related to the seismic frequencies employed. The model is discussed in detail with two years of data examples versus actual core data from the Beaufort Sea and Vancouver offshore areas given for review. Application areas such as dredging, pipeline surveys, and material location for offshore construction are discussed. In addition, limitations and further signal processing requirements are reviewed. INTRODUCTION Caulfield, et. al.1,2 introduced concepts for the extension of Hamilton's reflection modeling into the prediction of sub-bottom material types through correction of signal levels by simplified absorption and other correction models. This paper discusses a number of system improvements and summarizes practical applications to data acquisition in the Beaufort Sea and the Vancouver Harbour regions. The major improvements have been achieved by the application of standard deep seismic techniques to high frequency digital analysis problems. These improvements are summarized as follows:Signal-to-noise (S/N): The S/N is calculated before any corrections are made to the data. Only reflections that have a S/N greater than 5 db are considered as valid data points. This has improved prediction accuracy by at least 5 percent.Travel Time Layer Identification: A simple algorithm is used to calculate the exact travel time. The first reflection is taken as an image of the transmitted signal, and subsequent traces are cross-correlated to this to determine the exact position of the layer. Obviously, accurate travel times can be determined for layers of good S/N.Iterative Solutions: Beginning with approximate densities for the region from calibration cores combined with accurate travel time information a first solution is calculated. New density values and velocity adjusted travel times can then be applied to successive iterations. Iteration ceases when the error difference between the output of the derived synthetic model and the observed input signal amplitudes has been minimized. The entire program has been aimed to develop systems that are practical to aid in field interpretation of data and or laboratory processing at minimum cost. Some of the above algorithms require extensive processing times which could be improved with parallel processors, etc. As is evident from the identity(Mathematical equation available in full paper)" @default.
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• W1970896643 date "1984-05-07" @default.
• W1970896643 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W1970896643 title "Shallow Seismic-Derived Acoustic Core Logs" @default.
• W1970896643 doi "https://doi.org/10.4043/4720-ms" @default.
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