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- W1971292456 abstract "The Saint-Napoleon: Celebrations of Sovereignty in Nineteenth-Century France. By SUDHIR HAZAREESINGH (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard U.P., 2004; pp. 307. £32.95). HAVING made himself Emperor and ruler of the biggest empire since the days of Charlemagne, Napoleon obliged the Pope to invent a new saint, Napoleon, to be celebrated on 15 August, which for Roman Catholics was the Feast of the Assumption. Thus from 1806 the Church was obliged to share one of its four most sacred dates with eulogies to Napoleon. After the collapse of the Empire, French kings resumed what was a traditional celebration of their own name-day with a special church service. Secular officials, from prefects to mayors, attended these events and appropriate national flags were flown. After his military coup in December 1851, Louis-Napoleon, self-proclaimed heir to his uncle, revived the Saint-Napoléon. Until Agulhon and Ozouf alerted them to the significance of symbols, French historians rarely gave a second glance at official reports of the annual celebrations of the ‘name days’ of successive kings in the M series in departmental archives, assuming them to be obligatory routine official verbiage. In recent years a raft of researchers, including Sanson, Corbin and Truesdell, have plugged the gap, but rarely found much to praise in Napoleon III's synthetic secular festival. Hazareesingh has found much of merit and significance in this magisterial exploration of how 15 August was marked during the Second Empire in a representative selection of 22 departmental archives. Whereas the celebration of the ‘name days’ of earlier rulers had been relatively modest, Napoleon III decreed that the Saint-Napoléon should embrace far more than the recognition of what his uncle and he had achieved. France now enjoyed what was somewhat euphemistically called ‘national sovereignty’, with all adult males voting for national and local assemblies. The Saint-Napoléon was designed to be an annual joyous festival of national sovereignty, involving the celebration by officials as well as all civilians of both the Assumption and the ‘saint’ in churches of all kinds. Military, national guard, or, at the very least, fire brigade, bands joined in with music and cannon fire. The rest of the day was a holiday with a variety of entertainment paid for by the municipality. Depending on size and budget, each commune might finance free theatrical and concert performances, official receptions, dances, firework displays and a bonfire. Communal buildings were illuminated with candles and private citizens were encouraged to follow suit." @default.
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- W1971292456 date "2005-09-01" @default.
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- W1971292456 title "The Saint-Napoleon: Celebrations of Sovereignty in Nineteenth-Century France" @default.
- W1971292456 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cei346" @default.
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