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• W1972548766 abstract "Andrew Mason and colleagues (May 30, p1620)1Mason AL Xu L Guo L et al.Detection of retroviral antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis and other idiopathic disorders.Lancet. 1998; 351: 1620-1624Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (134) Google Scholar report antibody reactivity against human HIV-1 p24 gag reactivity in 35% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis by western blot. An unexpected finding was that only one (4%) of 25 healthy volunteers showed immunoblot reactivity against p24. We and others have noted that indeterminate western blot reactivity patterns are common in HIV-1 enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) negative blood donors. About 16–36% of HIV-1 EIA-negative blood donors from low-risk populations show indeterminate reaction patterns when tested with US Food and Drug Administration approved western blot, most of them react against p24 antigen.2Genesca J Jett BW Epstein JS Shih JWK Hewlett IK Alter HJ What do Western blot indeterminate patterns for human immunodeficiency virus mean in EIA-negative blood donors?.Lancet. 1989; ii: 1023-1025Summary Scopus (67) Google Scholar, 3Coll J Palazon J Yazbeck H Gutierrez J et al.Antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in autoimmune diseases: primary Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematous, rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune thyroid diseases.Clin Rheumatol. 1995; 14: 451-457Crossref PubMed Scopus (15) Google Scholar, 4Weber B Hess G Enzensberger R et al.Multicenter evaluation of the novel ABN Western blot (immunoblot) system in comparison with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a different Western blot.J Clin Microbiol. 1992; 30: 691-697PubMed Google Scholar Blocking experiments with extracts of HIV-1-infected H9 cells and recombinant immunoblot testing suggests that about two-thirds of anti-p24-indeterminate serum samples react specifically with HIV-1 p24 antigen.4Weber B Hess G Enzensberger R et al.Multicenter evaluation of the novel ABN Western blot (immunoblot) system in comparison with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a different Western blot.J Clin Microbiol. 1992; 30: 691-697PubMed Google Scholar However, none of these donors are positive for HIV-1 antigen on PCR (HIV-1 cDNA) and remain HIV-1 antibody negative for 6 months.2Genesca J Jett BW Epstein JS Shih JWK Hewlett IK Alter HJ What do Western blot indeterminate patterns for human immunodeficiency virus mean in EIA-negative blood donors?.Lancet. 1989; ii: 1023-1025Summary Scopus (67) Google Scholar A possible explanation for the specific p24 antibody reactivity is that it represents cross-reactivity with another human retrovirus. Limited or no cross-reactivity has been reported between HIV-1 and human T-lymphotropic virus I/II. Cross-reactivity with hepatitis B and C virus (HBV, HBC) seems unlikely since serum samples from patients with active HBV or HCV infection do not usually show false-positive results in HIV-1 EIA or western blot. The unexpected low rate of indeterminate western blot results in the control group of Mason and colleagues' study is probably not related to the western blot test kits since kits from different manufacturers show good agreement.3Coll J Palazon J Yazbeck H Gutierrez J et al.Antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in autoimmune diseases: primary Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematous, rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune thyroid diseases.Clin Rheumatol. 1995; 14: 451-457Crossref PubMed Scopus (15) Google Scholar If the rate of anti-p24 western blot reactivity would be set at 16% for the 25 healthy blood donors, there would not be a significant difference in the seroreactivity rate between controls and the 27 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis by x2Genesca J Jett BW Epstein JS Shih JWK Hewlett IK Alter HJ What do Western blot indeterminate patterns for human immunodeficiency virus mean in EIA-negative blood donors?.Lancet. 1989; ii: 1023-1025Summary Scopus (67) Google Scholar test (p=0·121). For further investigations of the possible association of anti-p24 reactivity and primary biliary cirrhosis, larger and more representative samples from unselected healthy volunteers should be tested. The association of endogenous retroviruses (HERV) and autoimmune diseases should be studied by more specific tests based on HERV antigens that show no or only weak reactivity in healthy controls.5Sauter M Schommer S Kremmer E et al.Human endogenous retrovirus K10: expression of Gag protein and detection of antibodies in patients with seminomas.J Virol. 1995; 69: 414-421Crossref PubMed Google Scholar" @default.
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• W1972548766 date "1998-07-01" @default.
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• W1972548766 title "Detection of retroviral antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis" @default.
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