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• W1972768039 abstract "Dissociating early from late fear memory retrieval in rats reveals that while the projection from the prelimbic prefrontal cortex to the amygdala is critical for fear memory retrieval at early time points, a separate circuit involving the paraventricular region of the dorsal midline thalamus is critical for fear memory retrieval at late time points, establishing the paraventricular region as a critical maintenance/retrieval node during the transition from short- to long-term fear memory. Fear association memories are thought to be stored in the amygdala and are accessible throughout the lifetime of an animal. However, the circuits required for retrieval of this memory at different times are still unknown. Recent work revealed that the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) is strongly activated following physical and psychological stress in mice, and now two papers published in this week's issue of Nature demonstrate a role for the PVT as a critical memory/retrieval node in the thalamus during the transition from short-term to long-term storage of fear association memories. Mario Penzo et al. show that inhibiting projections from the PVT to a specific division of the amygdala prevented fear conditioning via disruption of the typical fear-induced synaptic potentiation on a specific subset of interneurons found in the amygdala following behavioural fear training. Fabricio Do-Monte et al. dissociate early from late retrieval time points and demonstrate that while the PVT is critical for late-time-point fear-memory retrieval, a separate circuit originating from the prelimbic prefrontal cortex and projecting to the amygdala is critical only for early-time-point retrieval. Fear memories allow animals to avoid danger, thereby increasing their chances of survival. Fear memories can be retrieved long after learning1,2, but little is known about how retrieval circuits change with time3,4. Here we show that the dorsal midline thalamus of rats is required for the retrieval of auditory conditioned fear at late (24 hours, 7 days, 28 days), but not early (0.5 hours, 6 hours) time points after learning. Consistent with this, the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), a subregion of the dorsal midline thalamus, showed increased c-Fos expression only at late time points, indicating that the PVT is gradually recruited for fear retrieval. Accordingly, the conditioned tone responses of PVT neurons increased with time after training. The prelimbic (PL) prefrontal cortex, which is necessary for fear retrieval5,6,7, sends dense projections to the PVT8. Retrieval at late time points activated PL neurons projecting to the PVT, and optogenetic silencing of these projections impaired retrieval at late, but not early, time points. In contrast, silencing of PL inputs to the basolateral amygdala impaired retrieval at early, but not late, time points, indicating a time-dependent shift in retrieval circuits. Retrieval at late time points also activated PVT neurons projecting to the central nucleus of the amygdala, and silencing these projections at late, but not early, time points induced a persistent attenuation of fear. Thus, the PVT may act as a crucial thalamic node recruited into cortico-amygdalar networks for retrieval and maintenance of long-term fear memories." @default.
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• W1972768039 date "2015-01-19" @default.
• W1972768039 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W1972768039 title "A temporal shift in the circuits mediating retrieval of fear memory" @default.
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• W1972768039 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14030" @default.
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