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• W1973702910 abstract "Apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is believed to contribute to atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction. Estrogen treatment reduces apoptosis due to TNF-α and we hypothesized that it would also reduce apoptosis due to oxLDL. We also explored the anti-apoptotic mechanisms. We used early passage human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) grown in steroid-depleted, red phenol-free medium. Cells were synchronized by starvation for 6 h and then treated with oxLDL (75 μg/ml) or TNF-α (20 ng/ml) in the presence of 17-β-estradiol (E2) (20 nM). Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and caspase-3 cleavage. We also assessed expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and phosphorylation of BAD. At 6 h TNF-α induced apoptosis but oxLDL did not; E2 did not affect this TNF-α induced apoptosis and there was no change in Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL expression. At 24 h both TNF-α and oxLDL increased apoptosis and E2 reduced the increase. E2 also increased expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and increased phosphorylation of proapoptotic BAD which reduces its proapoptotic activity at 1 h. However at 24 h there was also an increase in total BAD so that the proportion of phosphorylation of BAD decreased. oxLDL induced apoptosis occurs later than that of TNF-α. E2 decreased this late phase apoptosis and this likely requires the production of anti-apoptotic proteins." @default.
• W1973702910 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1973702910 creator A5052767858 @default.
• W1973702910 creator A5067913120 @default.
• W1973702910 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W1973702910 modified "2023-10-03" @default.
• W1973702910 title "Estrogen decreases TNF-α and oxidized LDL induced apoptosis in endothelial cells" @default.
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• W1973702910 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2007.08.010" @default.
• W1973702910 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17936319" @default.
• W1973702910 hasPublicationYear "2008" @default.
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