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- W1975307443 abstract "Symbiotic associations are widespread in nature and represent a driving force in evolution. They are known to impact fitness, and thereby shape the host phenotype [1Margulis L. Origins of species: acquired genomes and individuality.Biosystems. 1993; 31: 121-125Crossref PubMed Scopus (43) Google Scholar, 2Moran N.A. Symbiosis.Curr. Biol. 2006; 16: R866-R871Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (295) Google Scholar, 3Tsuchida T. Koga R. Horikawa M. Tsunoda T. Maoka T. Matsumoto S. Simon J.C. Fukatsu T. Symbiotic bacterium modifies aphid body color.Science. 2010; 330: 1102-1104Crossref PubMed Scopus (296) Google Scholar, 4Zilber-Rosenberg I. Rosenberg E. Role of microorganisms in the evolution of animals and plants: the hologenome theory of evolution.FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2008; 32: 723-735Crossref PubMed Scopus (919) Google Scholar]. Insects subsisting on nutritionally poor substrates have evolved mutualistic relationships with intracellular symbiotic bacteria (endosymbionts) that supply them with metabolic components lacking in their diet [5Akman Gündüz E. Douglas A.E. Symbiotic bacteria enable insect to use a nutritionally inadequate diet.Proc. Biol. Sci. 2009; 276: 987-991Crossref PubMed Scopus (201) Google Scholar, 6Douglas A.E. Nutritional interactions in insect-microbial symbioses: aphids and their symbiotic bacteria Buchnera.Annu. Rev. Entomol. 1998; 43: 17-37Crossref PubMed Scopus (1001) Google Scholar, 7Heddi A. Grenier A.M. Khatchadourian C. Charles H. Nardon P. Four intracellular genomes direct weevil biology: nuclear, mitochondrial, principal endosymbiont, and Wolbachia.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1999; 96: 6814-6819Crossref PubMed Scopus (254) Google Scholar, 8Oakeson K.F. Gil R. Clayton A.L. Dunn D.M. von Niederhausern A.C. Hamil C. Aoyagi A. Duval B. Baca A. Silva F.J. et al.Genome degeneration and adaptation in a nascent stage of symbiosis.Genome Biol. Evol. 2014; 6: 76-93Crossref PubMed Scopus (116) Google Scholar, 9Snyder A.K. Deberry J.W. Runyen-Janecky L. Rio R.V. Nutrient provisioning facilitates homeostasis between tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) symbionts.Proc. Biol. Sci. 2010; 277: 2389-2397Crossref PubMed Scopus (72) Google Scholar, 10Wicker C. Guillaud J. Bonnot G. Comparative composition of free, peptide and protein amino acids in symbiotic and aposymbiotic Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae).Insect Biochem. 1985; 15: 537-541Crossref Scopus (8) Google Scholar]. In many species, endosymbionts are hosted within specialized host cells, called the bacteriocytes, and transmitted vertically across host generations [11Koga R. Meng X.Y. Tsuchida T. Fukatsu T. Cellular mechanism for selective vertical transmission of an obligate insect symbiont at the bacteriocyte-embryo interface.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2012; 109: E1230-E1237Crossref PubMed Scopus (179) Google Scholar]. How hosts balance the costs and benefits of having endosymbionts, and whether and how they adjust symbiont load to their physiological needs, remains largely unexplored. By investigating the cereal weevil Sitophilus association with the Sodalis pierantonius endosymbiont [8Oakeson K.F. Gil R. Clayton A.L. Dunn D.M. von Niederhausern A.C. Hamil C. Aoyagi A. Duval B. Baca A. Silva F.J. et al.Genome degeneration and adaptation in a nascent stage of symbiosis.Genome Biol. Evol. 2014; 6: 76-93Crossref PubMed Scopus (116) Google Scholar, 12Charles H. Heddi A. Rahbe Y. A putative insect intracellular endosymbiont stem clade, within the Enterobacteriaceae, infered from phylogenetic analysis based on a heterogeneous model of DNA evolution.C. R. Acad. Sci. III. 2001; 324: 489-494Crossref PubMed Scopus (36) Google Scholar], we discover that endosymbiont populations intensively multiply in young adults, before being rapidly eliminated within few days. We show that young adults strongly depend on endosymbionts and that endosymbiont proliferation after metamorphosis matches a drastic host physiological need for the tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe) amino acids to rapidly build their protective exoskeleton. Tyr and Phe are precursors of the dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) molecule that is an essential component for the cuticle synthesis. Once the cuticle is achieved, DOPA reaches high amounts in insects, which triggers endosymbiont elimination. This elimination relies on apoptosis and autophagy activation, allowing digestion and recycling of the endosymbiont material. Thus, the weevil-endosymbiont association reveals an adaptive interplay between metabolic and cellular functions that minimizes the cost of symbiosis and speeds up the exoskeleton formation during a critical phase when emerging adults are especially vulnerable." @default.
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- W1975307443 date "2014-10-01" @default.
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- W1975307443 title "Insects Recycle Endosymbionts when the Benefit Is Over" @default.
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- W1975307443 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.07.065" @default.
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