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• W197556879 abstract "(~7i s Robert Ziegler has noted, Julien Green's largely autobiographical oeuvre seems Jv consciously designed to elicit a particular response, [...] by [...] implicitly pleading for reader acceptance and approval of some unusually painful narrative admission (62). Nowhere is this more true than in Le Malfaiteur (1955), the one Green novel that, at least in its final form, deals clearly with male homosexuality.1 In this work, the pleading goes on at two levels. On one, the gay protagonist and title character, Jean Rollet, strives for acceptance or at least compassion from Hedwige, a homophobic non-gay relative for whom he writes a summary of his life as a gay man and a series of letters. On the other, the author, using a series of parallels between Jean and the apparently heterosexual characters in the novel, tries to lead his own audience toward greater toleration or at least compassion for and understanding of (what he presents as) the plight of gay men in general.2 With the recent passing of Green in 1998 and therefore the closure of his production, it is worth examining on this issue the most clearly gay novel of someone who figures as one of the major if, for liberated gays, more problematic gay French novelists of the twentieth century. The novel's protagonist, Jean Rollet, in many ways a cringing, stereotypical representation of how the non-gay public has imagined closeted gay men, feels an overwhelming desire to tell someone his secret. In the novel's first, unnumbered chapter, where we see him struggling with what to write on the blank sheets before him and long before we learn the nature of his mystery, the narrator remarks that La tentation lui vient sans cesse de une verite qui n'est pas du tout bonne a dire (11), establishing both Jean's desire and the narrator's conception of the general public as hostile to whatever that truth entails. One night, feeling particularly lonely and desperate, Jean goes to see his timid young relative, Hedwige, and tells her, without ever getting into specifics, that J'ai besoin de me confier a un etre humain (64). Later, in the confession that he writes to explain himself and that strange visit to her (102-164), he adds that je souffrais trop de me taire (161) and, having fled to Italy, writes that J'ai toujours desire de la verite a quelqu'un avant de partir (232).3 This desire poses a particular problem for Jean because, even by the standards of the gay protagonists who figure in French fiction during the first half of the twentieth century, Green portrays him as truly alone. In that opening chapter, Jean explains that he does not feel comfortable explaining his truth to any of his relatives, and both he and the narrator speak of his solitude repeatedly throughout the pages that follow (38, 142, 159, 164, etc.). Recollecting the night he went to see Hedwige, a night when he had just" @default.
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• W197556879 title "Winning over the Reader to Compassion for the Homosexual in Julien Green's Le Malfaiteur" @default.
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