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- W1975725726 abstract "The performance of membranes of the NTR-7400 series is controlled by the ion exchange capacity of the skin layer, and by the method of making the membrane. Typically the thickness of the skin layer is about 0.3 μm as measured by transmission electron microscopy. These membranes have very high water permeabilities and are resistant to chemical attack. In particular, the membranes are stable to 10,000 ppm chlorine for 1 month. The membranes exhibit a stable performance over a wide pH range, from pH 1 to pH 13 even at 80°C for 1 month. The membranes selectivity properties are rather unusual. Salts containing monovalent cations have higher rejections than salts containing divalent cations. This is the opposite of most normal reverse osmosis membranes. Salt rejection decreases rapidly with increasing salt concentration, but flux is independent of salt concentration. On the other hand, the rejection of neutral solutes is constant over a wide range of concentration. The rejection of amphoteric electrolytes, such as amino acids, depends on pH and increases rapidly at a pH higher than the isoelectric point of the amino acids. The rejection of negatively charged solutes such as ATP is high. Spiral wound modules incorporating these membranes have been used to decolor soy sauce solutions. Tubular modules incorporating these membranes have been used effectively in the treatment of pulp and paper waste waters. The membranes are particularly resistant to fouling by anionic species." @default.
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- W1975725726 date "1988-03-01" @default.
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- W1975725726 title "New composite charged reverse osmosis membrane" @default.
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- W1975725726 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(88)80048-1" @default.
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