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• W1976031156 abstract "The use of over-the-counter vitamins, minerals, and natural herbal products is increasing so rapidly in the United States that it now represents a 15-billion-dollar-a-year business for the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, there are over 24,000 herbal supplement products on the market. Consumers are turning to these alternative health care modalities based on the claims of manufacturers, as well as on articles in the lay literature, that their use not only improves well-being, but also can do such things as manage depression, boost the immune system, improve sleep, strengthen bones and joints, enhance memory, and help cure various diseases. A federal government health survey found that one third of all respondents have taken at least one vitamin or mineral supplement during the previous year, and the percentage was even higher in persons between 50 and 80 years of age. It was also found that people with higher incomes were the major consumers. The important question is whether the use of such supplements can be beneficial.Many people who take supplements have the attitude that while there is a chance that they will not help them, they also will not hurt them. This attitude is reinforced by many health care providers who do not believe that these products are effective, but who also feel that they can do no harm. This is an unfortunate situation, because it fails to take into consideration that many herbs and all vitamins are pharmacologically active substances. Therefore, they are capable of having the same effects as prescription medications. For example, the discovery of digitalis was based on the recognition by an English woman that the leaves of the foxglove plant could cure dropsy, and salicylic acid, used as an analgesic, was first obtained from the bark of willow and poplar trees. In addition, one needs to be particularly cautious about the use of herbal supplements because there is little scientific evidence to support their efficacy and because they are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Currently, manufacturers are only restricted from marketing them as remedies to treat, prevent, or cure disease, a regulation that can be easily skirted by euphemistic advertising.One of the major problems with the use of herbal supplements is that they can conflict with other medications being taken by a patient or interfere with other treatments. The American Society of Anesthesiologists has issued a recommendation that patients stop taking all natural remedies at least 2 weeks before any surgery. This warning is based on several potential problems that have been recognized with herbal supplements. One involves ginkgo biloba, the number one herbal remedy used by older persons to improve memory and possibly prevent Alzheimer's disease. It has been shown that this herb can reduce the number of platelets in the blood and prevent proper clotting, resulting in excessive bleeding during surgical procedures. Taking ginkgo when one is on warafin can also increase the bleeding tendency.St John's wort, another popular herbal supplement used to treat anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, can also cause problems. If the patient is taking antidepressant medication, it can intensify the effects and cause severe side reactions. It can also increase and prolong the effect of some narcotic and anesthetic agents and impair awakening from anesthesia. Similar effects have also been noted with valerian root and kava-kava. St John's wort has also been shown to decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and digoxin, and to increase photosensitivity when combined with a tetracycline. Ginseng, an herb used to boost vitality, has also been associated with elevated blood pressure and tachycardia, both of which can cause problems for patients undergoing general anesthesia.These findings indicate that oral and maxillofacial surgeons now need to take special precautions with their patients. In addition to asking them about any regular medications that they are using, it is important to ask specifically about over-the-counter preparations, including vitamins, minerals, and especially herbs, and to document this information in the patients' record. It is also important that patients be educated about potential side effects of these supplements so that they understand why they may be asked to discontinue their use, especially before surgery or when drugs are being prescribed with which they may interact adversely. Patients need to realize that until pharmacologic actions are clarified, and concentrations of ingredients are standardized, staying with scientifically proven medications is still the best alternative. The use of over-the-counter vitamins, minerals, and natural herbal products is increasing so rapidly in the United States that it now represents a 15-billion-dollar-a-year business for the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, there are over 24,000 herbal supplement products on the market. Consumers are turning to these alternative health care modalities based on the claims of manufacturers, as well as on articles in the lay literature, that their use not only improves well-being, but also can do such things as manage depression, boost the immune system, improve sleep, strengthen bones and joints, enhance memory, and help cure various diseases. A federal government health survey found that one third of all respondents have taken at least one vitamin or mineral supplement during the previous year, and the percentage was even higher in persons between 50 and 80 years of age. It was also found that people with higher incomes were the major consumers. The important question is whether the use of such supplements can be beneficial. Many people who take supplements have the attitude that while there is a chance that they will not help them, they also will not hurt them. This attitude is reinforced by many health care providers who do not believe that these products are effective, but who also feel that they can do no harm. This is an unfortunate situation, because it fails to take into consideration that many herbs and all vitamins are pharmacologically active substances. Therefore, they are capable of having the same effects as prescription medications. For example, the discovery of digitalis was based on the recognition by an English woman that the leaves of the foxglove plant could cure dropsy, and salicylic acid, used as an analgesic, was first obtained from the bark of willow and poplar trees. In addition, one needs to be particularly cautious about the use of herbal supplements because there is little scientific evidence to support their efficacy and because they are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Currently, manufacturers are only restricted from marketing them as remedies to treat, prevent, or cure disease, a regulation that can be easily skirted by euphemistic advertising. One of the major problems with the use of herbal supplements is that they can conflict with other medications being taken by a patient or interfere with other treatments. The American Society of Anesthesiologists has issued a recommendation that patients stop taking all natural remedies at least 2 weeks before any surgery. This warning is based on several potential problems that have been recognized with herbal supplements. One involves ginkgo biloba, the number one herbal remedy used by older persons to improve memory and possibly prevent Alzheimer's disease. It has been shown that this herb can reduce the number of platelets in the blood and prevent proper clotting, resulting in excessive bleeding during surgical procedures. Taking ginkgo when one is on warafin can also increase the bleeding tendency. St John's wort, another popular herbal supplement used to treat anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, can also cause problems. If the patient is taking antidepressant medication, it can intensify the effects and cause severe side reactions. It can also increase and prolong the effect of some narcotic and anesthetic agents and impair awakening from anesthesia. Similar effects have also been noted with valerian root and kava-kava. St John's wort has also been shown to decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and digoxin, and to increase photosensitivity when combined with a tetracycline. Ginseng, an herb used to boost vitality, has also been associated with elevated blood pressure and tachycardia, both of which can cause problems for patients undergoing general anesthesia. These findings indicate that oral and maxillofacial surgeons now need to take special precautions with their patients. In addition to asking them about any regular medications that they are using, it is important to ask specifically about over-the-counter preparations, including vitamins, minerals, and especially herbs, and to document this information in the patients' record. It is also important that patients be educated about potential side effects of these supplements so that they understand why they may be asked to discontinue their use, especially before surgery or when drugs are being prescribed with which they may interact adversely. Patients need to realize that until pharmacologic actions are clarified, and concentrations of ingredients are standardized, staying with scientifically proven medications is still the best alternative." @default.
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• W1976031156 date "2001-01-01" @default.
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• W1976031156 title "Taking the wrong alternatives" @default.
• W1976031156 doi "https://doi.org/10.1053/joms.2001.21142" @default.
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