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- W1976613445 abstract "Miyagawa S, Yamamoto A, Matsunami K, Wang D, Takama Y, Ueno T, Okabe M, Nagashima H, Fukuzawa M. Complement regulation in the GalT KO era.Xenotransplantation 2010; 17: 11–25. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: A number of institutes have reported on the successful production of α-galactosyltransferase knockout (GalT-KO) pigs. After producing such pigs, hyperacute rejection appeared to no longer be a problem. However, acute vascular rejection (AVR)/acute humoral xenograft rejection (AHXR) is defined as a rejection that begins within 24 h after transplantation and gradually destroys the graft. The origin of AVR/AHXR continues to be a controversial topic, but is generally thought to be initiated by xeno-reactive antibodies, including non-Gal antibodies and subsequent activation of the graft endothelium, the complement and the coagulation systems. The complement is activated via the classical pathway by non-Gal antigens and ischemia-reperfusion injury, via the alternative pathway, especially on islets, and via the lectin pathway. Therefore the complement system is still an important recognition and effector mechanism of AVR/AHXR. In addition, quite recently, based on the relationship between complement and coagulation systems, a new pathway has been proposed. All complement regulatory proteins (CRPs) have the ability to regulate complement activation in different ways. Therefore, to effectively protect xenografts against AVR/AHXR, it appears reasonable to employ not only one but several CRPs including anti-complement drugs. Non-Gal antigens, such as the Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen, is still present on GalT-KO grafts. The further assessment of antigens continues to be an important issue in the area of clinical xenotransplantation. The above conclusions suggest that the expression of human CRPs on GalT-KO grafts is necessary. Moreover, multilateral inhibition of complement activation is required in conjunction with the regulation of the coagulation system." @default.
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- W1976613445 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W1976613445 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
- W1976613445 title "Complement regulation in the GalT KO era" @default.
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