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• W1976761748 abstract "A Quaternary or Recent tuff or pumice has weathered to an allophanic soil reminiscent of some described by Sudo. The soil has interesting engineering properties. Electronmicrographs show the apparent coalescence of alophane ribbons into a thin platy mineral, probably an early form of hydrated halloysite. The formation of crystals by the coalescence of mosaic crystallites is discussed. INTRODUCTION Tropical weathering of some volcanic rocks gives rise to soils which have low dry densities and high optimum moisture contents; in engineering practice it is found that the shear-strength parameters are high and the settlement of well-compacted embankments made with these soils is low. The soils, composed mainly of halloysite and goethite and often gibbsite with a little quartz and kaolinite, may be used with confidence in engineering practice once their propertie~ have been appraised (Dixon, 1963). A soil from a proposed borrow pit area, 2,000 feet north-east of the Trail Bridge Dam site, near the junction of Mackenzie River and Smith River, Oregon, U.S.A., (44 ~ 16 89 N, 122 ~ 03' W), has been found to have similar useful engineering properties, but as it comes from a district which has not suffered tropical weathering, it was felt that a mineralogical study was justified. From a reconnaissance geological map of the central portion of the High Cascade Mountains (Williams, 1957), it would appear that the sample was taken from the Pliocene-Pleistocene igneous rocks to the east of the Mackenzie and Smith Rivers which here form the boundary with the Eocene-Miocene volcanics of the Western Cascades. Profound weathering has obscured the original character of the rock. The present type of weathered soil is apparently quite extensive in this area, having been located at four or more places scattered over a distance of four miles. The original rock may well have been a ~ glassy tuff or pumice of comparatively recent origin. The western part of the High Lava Plains is blanketed with Quaternary lavas, pumice, obsidian and many small cinder cones, some o f which are within 4 to 10 miles from the dam site. Some of these cinder cones were formed only a few centuries ago, but vast falls o f pumice and ash occurred about 5000 B.C., when Mr. Mazama ex-" @default.
• W1976761748 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1976761748 creator A5003545869 @default.
• W1976761748 date "1963-01-01" @default.
• W1976761748 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1976761748 title "Allophanic Soil from Trail Bridge, Oregon, with Notes on Mosaic Growth in Clay Minerals" @default.
• W1976761748 doi "https://doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1963.005.29.10" @default.
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