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- W1976978053 abstract "Human IL-4 (IL-4), one of the small four-helix-bundle cytokines, uses the specific IL-4 receptor α chain together with a promiscuous subunit, the common γ chain (γc) for transmembrane signaling. The ligand-binding properties of γc, which are presently poorly understood, were analysed by biosensor techniques employing recombinant ectodomains of γc and α receptor chains (IL4-BP). The formation of a ternary complex between solute γc ectodomain and IL-4 saturated IL4-BP could be established to exhibit a high dissociation constant Kd = 3 μM and a short half life τ1/2 = 7 s. This binding affinity resulted to the major part from the interaction of γc ectodomain with IL-4 and not from a direct contact of the ectodomains, since binding between solute γc ectodomain and IL-4 could be established (Kd about 150 μM), whereas no binding was found between the γc ectodomain and IL4-BP in the absence of IL-4. The IL-4 epitope involved in γc ectodomain interaction (site 2) was identified by means of an alanine-scanning mutational approach. The IL-4 site 2 comprised residues I11 and N15 on helix A together with Y124 on helix D as major binding determinants. The IL-4 alanine variants at site 2 generally showed only moderate defects in biological activity. Even the most affected variant [A124]IL-4 retained a partial agonist activity of about 50 % during a T-cell proliferation assay. The dosis leading to a half-maximal response (EC50) was not altered by site-2 substitutions. The present results are in accordance with a two-step-dimerisation mechanism for IL-4 receptor activation, where solute IL-4 at physiological concentrations binds first via the high-affinity site 1 to the α chain only, since the affinity of IL-4 site 2 for γc is too low. This site-2 affinity seems to be sufficient, however, to promote, in a second step, a productive association of γc to an IL-4/α chain complex in the membrane." @default.
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- W1976978053 date "1998-10-01" @default.
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- W1976978053 title "The interleukin-4 site-2 epitope determining binding of the common receptor gamma chain" @default.
- W1976978053 doi "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2570011.x" @default.
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