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• W1977491913 abstract "ABSTRACT FIELD tests of a traveling gun sprinkler irrigation system showed that increases in wind velocity must be accompanied by decreases in travel lane spacing if an acceptable water application uniformity is to be maintained. Travel lane spacing must be decreased further as the wind direction and travel direction become more nearly parallel. An empirical equation is presented to estimate lane spacing as a function of wind velocity and direction, and sprinkler water pressure, for the sprinkler tested. If travel lane spacings recom-mended for no-wind conditions are used, the water distribution pattern during winds will become uneven. If recommended lane spacing reductions for windy conditions are followed, the application pattern during winds may be acceptable under some wind directons; however, if winds are nearly parallel to the travel direction the application pattern will be poor. Also, if the narrower spacings recom-mended for winds are used, the application pattern may be poor if the wind velocity decreases. Spacings from 30 to 75 percent of the wetted diameter gave acceptable uniformity with no wind. Uneven water distribution results in too little water applied in some field areas, which reduces crop yield; and too much water applied in other areas, which will cause deep percolation, resultant loss of nutrients, higher energy costs, and reduced crop yield. The importance of uniform irri-gation water application increases as the costs of land, irrigation equip-ment, water pumping, and fertilizer increase. Nonuniform application results in water and nutrient loss from deep percolation, with resulting ground water pollution, as well as under-irrigation and yield reduction in some field areas. In West-central Minnesota, where irrigation is increasing on shallow, drought hazard soils and where winds are prevalent during the cropping season, the amount of acreage irri-gated by traveling large volume, single nozzle gun irrigation systems is increasing. This report describes a study to investigate the performance of a traveling gun sprinkler and to develop operating procedures that would provide an acceptable water application uniformity when operating in windy conditions. A coefficient of uniformity (CU) of 0.85 or better, was considered acceptable. Coefficient of uniformity was calculated from Christiansen's formula: Values of CU were calculated for various travel lane spacings, using calculated overlapped application depths. The maximum lane spacings to obtain a CU value of 0.85 was determined for each test. Also, maxi-mum travel lane spacings were calculated from an equation devel-oped previously from stationary tests (Shull et al.)(No date) and were compared with the spacings obtained from the traveling gun data, to determine the equation's utility as a general guide for predicting travel lane spacing for various wind veloci-ties and directions" @default.
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• W1977491913 date "1976-01-01" @default.
• W1977491913 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W1977491913 title "Traveling Gun Application Uniformity in high Winds" @default.
• W1977491913 doi "https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.36007" @default.
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