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- W1978165377 abstract "Integrated circuits are becoming more sensitive to overlay errors between the most critical layers. This paper focuses on inter-transistor overlay variations, which are defined as the short-range variations of overlay between transistors separated by distances of 1 micrometers to 100 micrometers . Many circuits are particularly sensitive to these inter- transistor variations. However, inter-transistor variations are difficult to measure using conventional techniques of metrology. We have developed an active electrical metrology method using on-chip test circuitry to map inter-transistor overlay variations. Test chips were designed and fabricated on a commercial HP 0.35 micrometers process. An array of 127 x 64 active electrical overlay test structures was measured. The array has an area of 856.8 micrometers x 705.6 micrometers , with uniform sampling spacing of 6.8 micrometers x 11.2 micrometers . A measurement speed of 5 microsecond(s) per site was achieved with an accuracy of 6.5 nm (3-sigma). The measured overlay variations between gate poly and diffusion were found to be made up of alignment errors probably associated with the wafer stepper operation combined with short-range overlay variations probably contributed primarily by the mask. With 3-sigma values of 20-30 nm, the inter-transistor overlay variations are surprisingly large when viewed in the context of the typical overall overlay budget for a 0.35 micrometers process. Contour plots and Fourier analysis show that they have an obvious periodicity of 102.4 micrometers in y direction, which can be related to the writing stripes of the raster-scanned mask lithography system used to fabricate the masks. Intra- stripe and stripe-to-stripe overlay variations are then decomposed by spatial frequency filtering, and the intra- stripe variations are further analyzed." @default.
- W1978165377 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1978165377 date "2001-08-22" @default.
- W1978165377 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1978165377 title "High-speed mapping of intertransistor overlay variations using active electrical metrology" @default.
- W1978165377 doi "https://doi.org/10.1117/12.436776" @default.
- W1978165377 hasPublicationYear "2001" @default.
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