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• W1978257554 abstract "s / Annals of Epidemiology 24 (2014) 682e702 700 proportional hazard models were used to generate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs for the risk of subsequent epilepsy. Results: Subsequent epilepsy was diagnosed in 35.7% of those with SE. 81.6% developed epilepsy within one year of SE, and an additional 10.4% the second year. The hazard of subsequent epilepsy was significantly increased for those with grand mal SE (HR1⁄42.02, 95% CI: 1.10-3.72); of Hispanic race/ethnicity (HR1⁄42.76, 95% CI: 1.44-5.28) and aged 13-18 years (vs. 0-5) (HR1⁄41.66, 95% CI: 1.09-2.54) after adjustment for covariables. Traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, tobacco use disorder, hyperlipidemia, >6 comorbidities, and more annual visits increased risk of subsequent epilepsy. Conclusion: A significant proportion of the cohort developed epilepsy within two years of SE with greater risk in those with grand mal SE. Certain demographic characteristics appear to heighten the risk of epilepsy after SE. P76. Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Ozone and Acute Stroke Risk: A Case-Crossover Analysis Jessica Anne Montresor-Lopez MPH, Jeff D. Yanosky PhD, Murray Mittleman PhD, Amir Sapkota PhD, Xin He PhD, James Hibbert, Michael Wirth PhD, Robin C. Puett PhD. University of Maryland Purpose: Short-term exposure to ambient ozone air pollution may be associated with an increased risk of acute stroke onset; however, findings from previous studies have been inconsistent. We evaluated the association between short-term ozone exposure and stroke hospital admissions among residents of South Carolina. Methods: Data on all incident stroke hospitalizations (2002-2006) for adult residents of South Carolina (SC) were obtained from the SC Office of Research and Statistics. Ozone exposure data were obtained on a 12-km grid from the USEPA’s Hierarchical Bayesian Model. A semi-symmetric bidirectional casecrossover design was used to examine the association between ozone exposure on lag days 0, 1, and 2 and stroke hospitalization. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Stratified analyses by gender, race and stroke subtype were performed. Results: No significant associations were observed between short-term ozone exposure and hospitalization for all stroke (e.g. lag day 0 OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.01) or ischemic stroke (lag day 0 OR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.02.) For hemorrhagic stroke, stratified analyses suggest potential effect modification by race and gender. Risk of hospitalization for hemorrhagic strokewas higher among African-Americans than European-Americans and higher among males than females; however, these associations did not reach nominal statistical significance. Conclusions: Among adults in SC from 2002-2006, there was no evidence of an association between ozone exposure and increased risk of hospitalization for all stroke or ischemic stroke; however, African-Americans and males may have an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke. P77. Estimating the Effects of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes on Weight and Obesity in New York City Using Dynamic Loss Models Ryan Richard Ruff PhD, Chen Zhen PhD. New York University Purpose: Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes are frequently cited strategies to improve nutrition and reduce obesity at the population level. Few studies extrapolate calorie reductions from proposed public health interventions into expected weight change and the resulting shifts in the obesity distribution. Methods: Resting metabolic rates and body fat mass were estimated using the Mifflin-St. Jeor and Jackson equations, respectively. Expected calorie reductions due to simulated tax scenarios were derived previously using a fully endogenized distance-metric almost ideal demand system (DM-AIDS). One and ten-year simulations of body composition change were conducted using static and dynamic loss models. Results: The DM-AIDS model predicted that a .04-cent per calorie tax on sugar-sweetened beverages would reduce beverage energy intake by 5900 calories per person per year. Mean unweighted predicted body fat mass for the New York City adult population was 25.1 kg (SD1⁄412.83 kg). Obesity prevalence as determined by predicted body fat was 47% (95% CI1⁄445.5, 48.4) compared to 24.2% based on BMI (95% CI 22.8, 25.5). Preliminary results from the dynamic loss model using population average data yielded a reduction of .4 kg of body fat in year one and .65 kg of body fat in year ten. Conclusions: Using initial body conditions and established metabolic parameters, dynamic weight loss models simulate the effect of dietary perturbations and energy expenditure on body composition change. This can lead to more informed intervention strategies to reduce the burden of obesity and associated noncommunicable diseases. Reproductived Health P78. Urinary Bisphenol a and Semen Quality: The Life Study Alexandra E. Goldstone BS, Zhen Chen PhD, Melissa J. Perry ScD, MHS, Kurunthachalam Kannan PhD, Germaine M. Buck Louis PhD, MS. Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University Purpose: Previous studies suggest bisphenol A (BPA) is negatively associated with semen quality in men recruited from clinical centers. This analysis builds on the existing literature by assessing the association between BPA and 35 semen quality parameters among men recruited from the general population. Methods: 501 couples discontinuing contraception to become pregnant were recruited preceding conception between 2005-2009 and followed for 12 months or until pregnant. Male partners provided urine and serum samples at enrollment for BPA and cotinine quantification, respectively. Following two days of abstinence, males collected two semen samples approximately one month later. Semen samples were assessed for 5 general characteristics, 8 motility measures, 6 sperm head measures, 14 morphology measures, and 2 sperm chromatin structure assaymeasures. Linear regressionmodels assessed the association between BPA and individual semen quality parameters. Select semen parameters were dichotomized according to World Health Organization reference values and modeled using logistic regression. Generalized Estimating Equations accounted for repeated measures of semen quality, and adjusted models included age, abstinence time, alcohol consumption, body mass index, creatinine, education, income, previously fathered pregnancy, race/ethnicity, cotinine, and study site (n1⁄4418). Results: Geometric mean BPA concentration was 0.55 ng/mL (95% CI 0.400.63). A negative relation between BPA and DNA fragmentationwas observed in unadjusted (b1⁄4 -0.0649, p1⁄40.002) and adjusted (b1⁄4 -0.0544, p1⁄40.035) linear regression models. No other findings achieved statistical significance. Conclusions: Corroborating previous findings, our analysis suggests an association between BPA and semen quality, but only for DNA fragmentation and not other aspects of semen quality. P79. Risk Factors for Small for Gestational Age (SGA) in Central Appalachia Counties with Mountain-Top Mining (MTM) Elisabeth Dissen MPH, Catherine Kruck, Nana Afari MPH, Hamid Ferdosi BS, Ji Li MD, PhD, Rusan Chen PhD, Manning Feinleib MD, DrPH, Steven H. Lamm MD, DTPH. John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Purpose: To determine whether residence in a county with mountain-top mining (MTM) activity is a risk factor for Small for Gestational Age (SGA) in central Appalachia. Methods: NCHS birth certificate data (1990-2003) for central Appalachia (Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, andWest Virginia) included about 3.4 million live births. SGA criteria were from Oken (2003). Mining status of maternal residence (MTM mining, non-MTM, and non-mining) were from Ahern (2011). Tobacco use (a known risk factor for SGA that is recorded on the birth certificate) was examined by mining activity and by gestational age. SGA prevalences by gestational week were examined with graphic and Poisson analysis by mining activity of county of residence and tobacco use. Results: SGA prevalences were significantly greater for residents of counties with MTM activity and with non-MTM activity than those with no mining activity. Maternal tobacco use prevalences differed by mining activity (MTM 31%; non-MTM 25%; non-mining 16%) and remained constant over gestational ages. SGA prevalences were similar for those with and without tobacco use for gestational ages 22-32 weeks and then separated with rates for tobacco users reaching twice that of non-tobacco users at full-term (GA 3744). The inclusion of tobacco use in the Poisson analysis increased the explanatory power of the model from 4% to 92% with mining group having a negative coefficient." @default.
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• W1978257554 title "Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Ozone and Acute Stroke Risk: A Case-Crossover Analysis" @default.
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