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- W1978333764 abstract "An experiment was designed to test an explanation of a previously observed developmental interaction between age and mode of stimulus material presentation in a paired-associate task. Third and sixth graders learned lists of pairs of drawings of objects or pairs of the printed names of those objects. As each pair was presented the experimenter engaged in one of three kinds of verbalization: (a) no verbalization; (b) the names of the objects; or (c) a sentence containing the names of the objects. The task was divided into item learning and associative learning components by use of recognition and matching procedures. Subjects either (a) studied and were tested with printed words; (b) studied and were tested with drawings; or (c) studied drawings and were tested with printed words (incongruent condition). When both pictures and words were aurally unlabeled, pictures led to more efficient item learning and the gain in efficiency was greater for sixth graders than for third graders. When the names of the objects were provided experimentally to subjects, this Grade × Mode interaction vanished in the congruent conditions. It is suggested that younger children are less likely to spontaneously generate a label for a picture during encoding processes. The affects of pictures and levels of verbalization on the item and associative learning dependent measures are also examined." @default.
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- W1978333764 date "1972-04-01" @default.
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- W1978333764 title "Grade interaction with words and pictures in a paired-associate task: A proposed explanation" @default.
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- W1978333764 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(72)90101-4" @default.
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