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• W1978493925 abstract "THE importance of chemical influences on feeding behaviour was first recognised by Grossman [6,7] who discovered that local application of crystalline I-noradrenaline to the lateral hypothalamus, via an implanted cannula, elicited eating in satiated rats. Subsequent experiments by Grossman and others using aqueous solutions confirmed and extended these initial findings, and raised the possibility that the noradrenergic feeding response could be differentially coded according to the alpha-beta receptor classification [3, 8, 11, 131. In addition, it was found that other aminergic neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin did not produce feeding after intrahypothalamic injection [4,16]. Dopaminergic mechanisms became an important focus of feeding research following Ungerstedt’s [ 191 demonstration that bilateral injection of the dopamine-depleting neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the nigrostriatal pathway caused aphagia and adipsia. It was proposed that the primary cause of aphagia produced by 6-OHDA or bilateral electrolytic lesions of the lateral hypothalamus was a loss of brain dopamine 1181. However, nigrostriatal dopamine neurones are of considerable importance in sensori-motor integration and subsequent experiments have challenged the specificity of dopaminergic involvement in the control of feeding (see [ 121 for a review). Depletion of brain serotonin by treatment with 5,7_dihydroxytryptamine or parachlorophenylalanine also influences food intake and body weight [ 10, IS] and it has been suggested that a subpopulation of serotonin neurones are necessary for normal suppression of food intake (in rodents, this would occur during the day time) [9]. However, as noted above with regard to dopamine, serotonin manipulations often affect the general health of the animal and therefore it is difficult to ascertain the specificity of such gross neurochemical changes. During the past decade it has been established that a wide range of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, hormones and drugs influence food intake either directly or indirectly (see [S] for a review). Recent conceptual and methodological innovations have enabled researchers to examine more closely the specificity of involvement of various neurotransmitters and other endogenous hunger and satiety factors in the control of feeding. Pharmacologists have discovered the existence of multiple receptors and receptor sub-types for various neurotransmitters (e.g., dopamine D-l, D-2 receptors, serotonin 5HT,,, 5HTlH, 5HT., receptors, see [14,17] for reviews). These discoveries have led to the development of drugs which have a relatively selective action at a particular neurotransmitter receptor subtype (e.g., SKF 38393 is a selective D-l dopamine receptor agonist, see Gilbert and Cooper, this issue). It has become apparent that receptor subtypes for the same neurotransmitter may subserve different physiological functions. Thus, manipulation of different receptor subtypes for a neurotransmitter such as dopamine or serotonin may produce differential effects on feeding behaviour (see Gilbert and Cooper; Dourish et rrl., this issue). Sophisticated behavioural analysis (microanalysis) of feeding patterns has been pioneered by Blundell and his colleagues [1,2]. This procedure has enabled a detailed examination to be made of the orectic and anorectic effects of various drugs (see Blundell et trl. ; Dourish rt NI., this issue). Furthermore, experimental manipulation of the palatability and nutritional composition of the diet has yielded important insights into the role of various neurotransmitters in the control of macronutrient selection and palatable food consumption (see Ashley. Cooper, Jackson and Cooper, this issue). Recent biochemical studies have shown that hepatic oxidation of metabolic fuels makes an important contribution to the regulation of food intake in rats (see Langhans rt trl., this issue). In addition, the advantages of a comparative approach to feeding research have been pointed out by Rowland (this issue), since there are profound pharmacological and biochemical differences in mechanisms of feeding and body weight regulation between rats and hamsters. A somewhat different approach to the study of food intake regulation has been taken by Even and Nicolaidis (this issue). Their paper describes a novel computer-assisted calorimeter which has been used to test experimentally the Ischymetric (power production) hypothesis of feeding. Current studies on the control of food intake utilize many different approaches and a principal aim of this symposium was to bring together results obtained by new methods in order to provide an overview of contemporary feeding research." @default.
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• W1978493925 date "1985-10-01" @default.
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• W1978493925 title "Pharmacological and biochemical analysis of feeding behaviour" @default.
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• W1978493925 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-9230(85)90003-6" @default.
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