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- W1978543352 abstract "Clarkia lingulata is a tetrasomic derivative of C. biloba. It occurs locally at the southern limit of distribution of the parental species. They cross readily but the hybrids are essentially sterile. When first studied, they were found to occur in adjacent but not in mixed colonies. Since then, C. lingulata has extended its range and has become established at the margin of an adjacent colony of C. biloba. Experimental sympatric populations were established by sowing a mixture of the two species in selected sites south of their natural area of distribution. Populations in the driest sites died out rapidly and showed little or no reproduction; in other sites reproduction has been evident and the populations still persist after five generations. In these artificial populations, C. lingulata has consistently matured about two weeks earlier than C. biloba. This suggests that C. lingulata is adapted to a shorter growing season than C. biloba, and may explain the occurrence of C. lingulata at the margin of distribution of C. bilobawhere the length of the growing season, determined by available water, is probably a limiting factor. Observation of natural popu!ations indicates that C. lingulata has been better adapted than C. biloba during recent years of low rainfall. Nevertheless, C. lingulata has not been more successful in the experimental.populations. This is explained by' (1) the initial frequency which greatly favored C. biloba, (2) random spacing, (3) indiscriminate pollination, and (4) sterility of the hybrids. The conclusion is that C. lingulata has been hybridized out of the populations because it lost a much higher proportion of gametes in the formation of sterile hybrids. The elimination of C. lingulata from mixed populations indicates that it must have been spatially isolated from C. biloba when it became established and, furthermore, that it should not be successful as a sporadic migrant into a population of C. biloba. The fact that it has successfully established itself at the margin of a colony of C. biloba can be explained by the expansion and Contraction of colonies that occurs at the ecological limit of distribution. On this hypothesis, C. lingulata did not migrate into a population of C. biloba but became established in a temporarily unoccupied marginal site. Although C. lingulata and C. biloba have broadly overlapping tolerances, they will not be able to grow in mixed colonies, except temporarily, unless a stronger barrier to hybridization develops." @default.
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- W1978543352 date "1961-05-01" @default.
- W1978543352 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W1978543352 title "Experimental Sympatric Populations of Clarkia" @default.
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- W1978543352 doi "https://doi.org/10.1086/282173" @default.
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