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- W1978591750 abstract "Finland is a large and sparsely populated country and winters are sometimes extremely cold, or very snowy. Road transportation is the overwhelmingly dominating mode in both passenger and goods transport. All public roads are kept open for the traffic throughout the year. Finland has been an Eu Member State since the beginning of 1995. The Finnish National Road Administration (Finnra) is responsible for the public roads in Finland (78,000km), and its headquarters were reorganized on 1 January 1997 on its way to becoming a Government-owned enterprise. After a transition period Finnra is to compete for contracts (planning, construction and maintenance) on the open market. Finnra's quality control on winter roads focuses on three variables - snowiness, slipperiness, evenness - based on the winter maintenance standards. Salt (mostly NaCl) is used through the winter for about 6100km of roads. Sand is spread on roads with low traffic volumes. Maintenance equipment is very much tailored according to Finnra's needs. Ploughing, underbody scraping and salting/sanding are often done simultaneously by one maintenance lorry driver. The trend is to apply salt in a preventive way whenever possible. Consequently, the Branded Winter Maintenance Product was created and full-scale training for about 600 maintenance personnel took place in autumn 1995. (A)" @default.
- W1978591750 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1978591750 creator A5011324587 @default.
- W1978591750 date "1997-09-01" @default.
- W1978591750 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W1978591750 title "WINTER MAINTENANCE OF HIGHWAYS IN FINLAND." @default.
- W1978591750 doi "https://doi.org/10.1680/imuen.1997.29639" @default.
- W1978591750 hasPublicationYear "1997" @default.
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