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- W1978738306 abstract "A potential mechanism of strengthening in refractory alloys is the formation of stable stacking faults. Development of alloys based on the group Va (V, Nb, Ta) and VIa (Cr, Mo, W) metals should include consideration of this lattice imperfection. The available literature indicates some confusion with regard to the formation of stacking faults in such body-centered-cubic (b.c.c.) structures. Therefore, it is first shown what energetically favorable dislocation dissociation reactions may take place in the b.c.c. structure. The various methods of measuring the stacking fault energy are critically reviewed. Reasonably accurate values can be obtained from observation of thin films by transmission electron microscopy. Perhaps the most important obstacle to utilizing this lattice defect is an imcomplete understanding of the effect of solute atoms (alloying additions and impurities) on the stacking fault energy. It is shown that at thermodynamic equilibrium the solute segregates at the fault and, thereby, reduces the fault energy and increases its width. The refractory metals have high intrinsic fault energies and solute segregation would appear to be necessary if faults are to be formed. Stacking faults have been observed in impure columbium and tungsten, and a molybdenum-35 at.% rhenium alloy. Such dislocation processes as cross slip and climb have been shown to be a function of the fault energy; that is, the activation energies for such processes increase with decreasing fault energy. In addition, the motion of complete slip dislocations may be impeded by faults; on the other hand, the Peierls-Nabarro friction stress may be lower for partial dislocations which form the boundaries of stacking faults. It is concluded that with suitable alloying and thermal treatment reasonably large faults can be formed. By studying the mechanical behavior of refractory alloys and giving consideration to the presence of stacking faults, the effect of this lattice defect on the high temperature strength and low temperature ductility of these materials may be determined." @default.
- W1978738306 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1978738306 date "1963-12-01" @default.
- W1978738306 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
- W1978738306 title "Stacking faults in the refractory metals and alloys — A review" @default.
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- W1978738306 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(63)90062-6" @default.
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