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• W1978809787 abstract "In 1991, in its twelfth annual report the government's Radioactive Waste Management Advisory Committee (RWMAC) included a chapter which became something of a landmark in the history of modern radioactive waste management in the UK. RWMAC identified that some `small users' of radioactivity were encountering significant difficulties in disposing of their radioactive wastes. In this context the term `small user' includes hospitals, universities, and industrial establishments, but not the nuclear industry and large organisations such as the Ministry of Defence or Amersham International. This new report presents a timely review of events that have occurred since the earlier report and gives a picture of the current situation. Reference is made to the more recent review of small users' problems commissioned by the Department of the Environment and carried out by the consultants W S Atkins in 1994/95, but the timing of the RWMAC report precluded consideration of the impact of the further reorganisations involved in setting up the Environment Agency. In its 1991 report RWMAC identified a number of reasons why small users were experiencing difficulty. These included: the general approach of inspectors and particularly HM Inspectorate of Pollution for England and Wales, difficulties with finding actual disposal routes and particularly special landfill sites, the administration of the system for issuing registrations and authorisations, problems resulting from the approach of other parties involved in disposal, e.g. local authorities, inconsistencies in interpretation of the legislation, and finally the costs of disposal itself and the fees payable to the regulator. These topic areas form the basis for the chapters in the new report. The title of the chapters are interesting in themselves, in that the second part of each gives a clue to the tenor of the conclusions and recommendations, as shown by the examples below. Attitude of Inspectors: Diplomatic Relations Restored? Identification of and Access to Disposal Routes: Remaining Blocks in the Drains Registration, Authorisation and Completion of Applications: Signposts in the Paper Chase The Agreement of the Disposal Operator: The Last Obstacle Inconsistencies in Legislation, Interpretation and Implementation: `Oh, no you can't, Oh yes you can' Costs of Administration and Disposal: The Polluter Pays but is the Price Too Great? The new report notes progress in some areas and particularly welcomes `a reported relaxation in the attitude of HMIP and specifically the establishment of a liaison group between HMIP and small users'. With regard to the latter it recommends that it be `accorded a more permanent and formal national status with terms of reference that underpin consultation'. However, the new report's conclusions go on to say that `there are clearly few grounds for complacency'. One major concern of RWMAC is `the use of generalist inspectors rather than specialist inspectors by HMIP'. It is claimed that `such a policy has potentially deleterious consequence for safety, the quality of decision making and inspections (as well as their self consistency while possibly contributing to a perception of an unhelpful attitude'. Those involved in small user issues will be familiar with the concerns raised in the new report and, depending on their individual experience, will concur to a greater or lesser degree with the RWMAC conclusions. In a brief review it is not possible to discuss the merits of individual recommendations but it is noteworthy that there are as many as 26 of them. Many of these recommendations, if implemented, would directly affect the work of the inspectorates and appear to go against the rigorous application of the `polluter pays' principle, and for such reasons the report may not be welcomed in all quarters. Some readers may feel that in its final conclusions RWMAC has been a little harsh, given the various efforts that have been made by DoE and HMIP following the 1991 report. However, small users should be pleased that RWMAC is ensuring that the real problems some of them continue to face are not forgotten." @default.
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• W1978809787 date "1997-03-01" @default.
• W1978809787 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1978809787 title "Review of Problems Encountered by Small Users of Radioactive Substances: For Better or For Worse?" @default.
• W1978809787 doi "https://doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/17/1/019" @default.
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