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- W1979320311 abstract "Epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT), the process by which epithelial cells are converted into motile, invasive mesenchymal cells, is critical to valvulogenesis. Transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3), an established mediator of avian atrioventricular (AV) canal EMT, is secreted as a latent complex. In vitro, plasmin-mediated proteolysis has been shown to release active TGF-βs from the latent complex. Annexin II, a co-receptor for tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen, promotes cell-surface generation of the serine protease plasmin. Here, we show that annexin II-mediated plasmin activity regulates release of active TGF-β3 during chick AV canal EMT. Primary embryonic endocardial-derived cells express annexin II which promotes plasminogen activation in vitro. Incubation of heart explant cultures with either α2antiplasmin (α2AP), a major physiological plasmin inhibitor, or anti-annexin II IgG, blocked EMT by ∼80%, and 50%, respectively. Anti-annexin II IgG-mediated inhibition of EMT was overcome by the addition of recombinant TGF-β3. Upon treatment with anti-annexin II IgG or α2AP, conditioned medium from heart explant cultures showed absence of the active fragment of TGF-β3 by Western blot analysis and a ∼50% decrease in TGF-β specific bioactivity. Our results suggest that annexin II-mediated plasmin activity regulates the release of active TGF-β during cardiac valve development in the avian heart." @default.
- W1979320311 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1979320311 creator A5033068284 @default.
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- W1979320311 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W1979320311 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W1979320311 title "Annexin II-mediated plasmin generation activates TGF-β3 during epithelial–mesenchymal transformation in the developing avian heart" @default.
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- W1979320311 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.08.026" @default.
- W1979320311 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14697359" @default.
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