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• W1979432015 endingPage "603" @default.
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• W1979432015 abstract "Geological and geophysical data from the North China-Bohai Basin and “Basin and Range” Province were examined and compared. They are similar to each other in many respects. Surficial geological structures are characterized by a series of half-grabens with their one flank constituted by normal fault. Those extensional structures usually extend to a depth of 6–8 km. Therefore, the stress condition in the upper 8 km can be written as $${sigma _2} > {sigma _x} > {sigma _y}$$ where x, y denote the directions of maximum compression and maximum tension on the horizontal plane, while z signifies the vertical direction. Some people think that this kind of stress condition exists through the entire crust in the extensional basin. However, the focal mechanisms of the earthquakes in the extensional basins with focal depths usually at 12-20 km are dominated by strike-slip faults. The stress condition in the focal regions can be expressed by $${sigma _x} > {sigma _z} > {sigma _y}$$ Geodetic measurements conducted before and after the Tangshan earthquake in 1976 and the Xingtai earthquake in 1966 showed that both horizontal and vertical surficial deformations with magnitudes of a similar order occurred during the earthquakes. The surficial deformations during the earthquakes can be explained by a summation of the motions produced by both the stress fields in the upper crust and the middle crust. Dynamical processes other than the homogeneous horizontal regional tectonic field are required to explain the vertical variation of the stress condition in the upper and middle crusts. Evidence from the seismic refractions, reflections and the three-dimensional seismic tomography from both local earthquakes and teleseismic events provide convincing evidence that magmatic intrusions from the uppermost mantle to the middle crust occur near the hypocenters of both the Tangshan and Xingtai earthquakes. The variation from the extensional stress regime at the upper crust to the compressional stress regime in the middle and lower crusts is considered to be the common feature in extensional basins. And the magmatic intrusions from the upper mantle to the middle crust observed in the extensional basin is suggested to be its genetic cause. Numerical simulations of magmatic intrusion from the uppermost mantle to the middle crust were studied. Both the intruded compression and the thermal stress due to magmatic intrusion were considered, also the viscoelasticity of the middle and lower crusts were assumed. The results successfully explain the vertical variation of the stress condition in the crust and the process producing an extensional basin." @default.
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• W1979432015 date "1995-01-01" @default.
• W1979432015 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W1979432015 title "On the Dynamics of Extensional Basin" @default.
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• W1979432015 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9065-6_11" @default.
• W1979432015 hasPublicationYear "1995" @default.
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