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• W1979470585 abstract "The predicted increase in frequency and severity of heat waves due to climate change is expected to alter disease dynamics by reducing hosts' ability to resist infections. This could take place via two different mechanisms: (1) through general reduction in hosts' performance under harsh environmental conditions and/or (2) through altered resource allocation that reduces expression of defense traits in order to maintain other traits. We tested these alternative hypotheses by measuring the effect of an experimental heat wave (25 vs. 15°C) on the constitutive level of immune defense (hemocyte concentration, phenoloxidase [PO]-like activity, antibacterial activity of hemolymph), and life history traits (growth and number of oviposited eggs) of the great pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. We also manipulated the exposure time to high temperature (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, or 11 days). We found that if the exposure to high temperature lasted <1 week, immune function was not affected. However, when the exposure lasted longer than that, the level of snails' immune function (hemocyte concentration and PO-like activity) was reduced. Snails' growth and reproduction increased within the first week of exposure to high temperature. However, longer exposures did not lead to a further increase in cumulative reproductive output. Our results show that short experimental heat waves do not alter immune function but lead to plastic responses that increase snails' growth and reproduction. Thus, although the relative expression of traits changes, short experimental heat waves do not impair snails' defenses. Negative effects on performance get pronounced when the heat waves are prolonged suggesting that high performance cannot be maintained over long time periods. This ultimately reduces the levels of defense traits." @default.
• W1979470585 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1979470585 creator A5033121557 @default.
• W1979470585 creator A5079684918 @default.
• W1979470585 creator A5088223479 @default.
• W1979470585 date "2013-12-01" @default.
• W1979470585 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
• W1979470585 title "An experimental heat wave changes immune defense and life history traits in a freshwater snail" @default.
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• W1979470585 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.874" @default.
• W1979470585 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3892353" @default.
• W1979470585 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24455121" @default.
• W1979470585 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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