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• W1979810656 abstract "1. Having frequently had occasion to employ the balance of torsion invented by Coulombe, on the indications of which so many important deductions in electricity rest, I have endeavoured at various times to free it from certain defects of a mechanical kind, and render it more completely available to the purposes of an electrometer. Some of the difficulties experienced by the experimentalist in the use of this valuable instrument had already engaged the attention of our talented countryman the late Professor Robinson of Edinburgh, who proposed an ingenious method of checking the swinging of the needle, generally set in motion whenever we turn the micrometer or electrify the insulated balls. In the course of these inquiries I was led to the construction of a new species of balance; it may be termed, from the peculiar mechanical principle on which it depends, a bifile balance. The reactive force of this instrument is not derived from any principle of elasticity, as in the balance of torsion, but is altogether dependent on gravity; it seems generally available in experimental physics, is extremely well adapted to the measurement of small forces of repulsion, and to researches in electricity and magnetism, and is easily converted into a common torsion balance when required, free from the difficulties before alluded to. A description of this new instrument, together with an account of some further researches into the elementary laws of electricity, may, I hope, be acceptable to the Royal Society. 2. If a needle m n , fig. 1, (Plate XXVIII.) be suspended by two equal and similar vertical filaments of silk without torsion, a b , a' b' placed parallel to each other at equal distances from the centre c' c , and fixed at the points a a' it is evident that its position of rest will be horizontal, and in the vertical plane passing through the two threads. Whenever, therefore, we turn the needle from this position about the imaginary axis c c' , the lines of suspension will become deflected from the vertical, so that the distance c c' will be shortened. We have hence a reactive force derived from the weight of the needle, which becomes imparted, as it were, to the threads of suspension; since the centre of gravity of the mass will again tend to rest in its previous position, and will be in a similar condition to that of a body falling down a very small circular arc. If therefore the needle be freely abandoned to this reactive force, a vibratory motion will arise, by observing which we may determine by the formulæ for oscillating bodies the nature of the reactive force producing the oscillations." @default.
• W1979810656 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1979810656 date "1836-12-31" @default.
• W1979810656 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1979810656 title "XX. Inquiries coneerning the elementary laws of electricity. Second series" @default.
• W1979810656 doi "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1836.0022" @default.
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