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- W1980070661 abstract "We have investigated details of the dynamics of faults with strongly variable stress and frictional strength. These factors are in all likelihood responsible for nonuniform fault slip, multiple events, random ground acceleration, and the earthquake frequency‐magnitude relation. In order to obtain a full dynamic solution to greatly heterogeneous faulting we used a one‐dimensional continuum model in which stress and strength varied along the fault. The results show that the process of rupture in a heterogeneous system is closely linked to the stopping phase of the motion, or the healing process of faults. The process, which may involve strong nonlinear effects such as discontinuous motion, cannot be seen in static models and requires a dynamic approach with a numerical scheme which remains stable at high frequencies. We have used the method of characteristics to obtain the results in this paper. We found that heterogeneous rupture can be due to either initially nonuniform stress or spatially nonuniform frictional strength. However, nonuniform stress drop—the difference between tectonic stress and frictional stress—tends to become smoother with increasing slip. After some initial heterogeneous sliding, fault slip in the model becomes uniform and repetitious, a condition which is clearly not observed in nature. Spatially variable strength, however, can produce and maintain a heterogeneous stress drop. We found that when the strength was sufficiently variable from place to place, the final stress was statistically at least as variable as the initial stress. This means that the character of fault activity can remain heterogeneous with time; this would conform to the behavior observed in situ. We conclude therefore that spatially variable fracture energy may in fact be responsible for the heterogeneous nature of earthquake faulting. Nonuniform stress by itself cannot maintain with time the heterogeneous nature of faults. The model is applied to the irregular slip distribution of the Borrego Mountain (Coyote Creek), California, earthquake of April 1968 and reveals links among irregular rupture propagation, multiple events, fault slip, and stress drop." @default.
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- W1980070661 date "1979-05-10" @default.
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- W1980070661 title "A complete solution of a one-dimensional propagating fault with nonuniform stress and strength" @default.
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- W1980070661 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/jb084ib05p02223" @default.
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