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• W1980106178 abstract "The isomerization of n-butane to i-butane has been studied at 11 bar in a microflow reactor over sulfated zirconia (SZ) and platinum containing sulfated zirconia (Pt-SZ) catalysts. In the presence of H2 a significantly higher temperature is required for isomerization over SZ than in its absence. The rate over SZ is higher with n-butane containing 33 ppm butene as an impurity than with a feed that is pre-equilibrated over a PtSiO2 catalyst to a much lower butene content. Over Pt-SZ the reaction rate is higher, because any butene consumed is rapidly regenerated; the conversion is perfectly stable in 83 h runs, selectivity to i-butane is 95%; i-pentane and propane are the main byproducts. The activation energy is 53 kJ mol−1. Upon increasing the pressure of H2 from 1.1 to 6.6 bar, the reaction rate was found to decrease in a perfectly reversible fashion. Kinetic analysis reveals that the reaction order is negative in H2 (−1.1 to −1.3 depending on the temperature) and positive in n-butane (+ 1.3 to +1.6), indicating that the mechanism of this isomerization is intermolecular: butene is formed and reacts with adsorbed C4-carbenium ions to adsorbed C8 intermediates which isomerize and undergo β-fission to fragments with i-C4 structure. This mechanism is confirmed over Pt-SZ by isotopic labelling experiments, though at much lower pressure, using double labelled 13CH3CH2CH213CH3. The primary reaction product consists of i-butane molecules, containing zero, one, two, three and four 13C atoms in a binomial distribution." @default.
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• W1980106178 date "1995-11-01" @default.
• W1980106178 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W1980106178 title "Butane isomerization over platinum promoted sulfated zirconia catalysts" @default.
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• W1980106178 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/1381-1169(95)00127-1" @default.
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