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- W1981105923 abstract "Hemodynamic disturbances are common in critically ill foals. Foals do not always show the expected protective physiological response to cardiovascular changes, which can delay the identification of problems and increase the associated morbidity and mortality. Overall cardiovascular function can be assessed by clinical examination, urine output, and markers of oxygen delivery such as pulse oximetry and markers of tissue oxygenation such as blood lactate concentration and central venous oxygen saturation. Cardiac function can be assessed by electrocardiography, echocardiography, and cardiac output monitoring. The state of the vasculature can be assessed by arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, and derived variables such as systemic vascular resistance. The choice of therapy for cardiovascular disturbances is not always straightforward and involves integration of all the available data. Simply restoring variables to normal values is unlikely to be optimal in all foals. It is imperative to monitor the response to therapy. Therapeutic strategies that worsen indices of overall function such as urine output and blood lactate concentration are very unlikely to be beneficial and should be urgently reviewed. Before using vasoactive drugs, it is important to ensure that fluid therapy has been adequate. The best way to achieve this is a fluid challenge. Drug options, if fluid therapy does not improve hemodynamics, include the inotrope dobutamine to increase cardiac output and the vasopressors norepinephrine, vasopressin, or terlipressin to increase vascular tone. Repeated monitoring is essential if these drugs are used and is key to successful management of cardiovascular derangements in foals." @default.
- W1981105923 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1981105923 creator A5067541104 @default.
- W1981105923 date "2003-03-01" @default.
- W1981105923 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W1981105923 title "Monitoring and treating the cardiovascular system in neonatal foals" @default.
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- W1981105923 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1534-7516(03)000179" @default.
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