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• W1981562999 abstract "Abstract Laboratory and field experiments are underway to determine the source and transport properties of radon in geothermal systems. Data are available on laboratory emanation studies and field transect experiments which are useful in studying transport and physical properties of geothermal reservoirs. The emanation studies examine the source term for radon transport in geothermal fluids. The emanating power of radon from radium-bearing formation rock is dependent on rock type, rock size, pore fluid density, reservoir temperature and pressure. Initial experiments have shown emanation dependence on rock structure and pore fluid density. The data also suggest that emanation in geothermal reservoirs is also controlled by annealing conditions. Experiments are being run to examine the extent of hysteresis in reservoir rock annealing processes. Radon transect experiments involve short term measurement of concentration gradients along a line of geothermal wells of known formation structure. Experiments have been conducted at The Geysers vapordominated reservoir. Radon concentrations along the transect are correlated to reservoir temperature and pressures. The results are used to study changes in pressures. The results are used to study changes in emanation conditions in the reservoir. Fluid transport under constant emanation conditions also results in radon concentration changes due to radioactive decay. Thus the ratio of radon to stable gas component gradients along the transect provides temporal data on the reservoir transport phenomena. Constant ratios are observed in The Geysers tests. RADON EMANATION To characterize the source term conditions for radon as a natural internal tracer for geothermal reservoir assessment studies, we have constructed a 3-unit geothermal reservoir model to measure radon emanation as a function of temperature, pressure, pore fluid density, rock type, and rock size distribution. The results of our initial experiments are reviewed in this summary. Variability in emanating power has been observed from data collected in the SGP reservoir model using Piledriver explosion-fractured rock (Kruger and Ramey, Piledriver explosion-fractured rock (Kruger and Ramey, 1977). The emanating power showed a higher gradient with increments in temperature for gaseous pore fluid (air), but was constant with temperature increments in liquid pore fluid (water). These data were not considered reliable because of the possibility of radon leaking from the fluid within the open SGP reservoir model. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the 3-unit model built into our 0.68 m3 heavy duty oven. Data on the model and rock loading are given in Table 1. Each of the steel reservoirs has a volume of 13.5 liters and is loaded with graywacke, the first geothermal rock to be tested. The rock has a uniform size distribution of 1.9 +/- 0.4 cm in length. The radium content of the rock loading is 0.62 +/- 0.07 pCi/g analyzed commercially, which results in a steady state radon concentration of 611 pCi/kg on total emanation. Table 1 also gives the pCi/kg on total emanation. Table 1 also gives the radon background measured in the absence of rock. Initial experiments with nitrogen as non-polar, non-wetting pore fluid were made over a range of temperatures from 298 deg. K to 552 deg. K and pressures from 15 to 200 psia. The data on repeated cycles of heating and cooling showed a change in emanation at each temperature, especially at the high temperature, leading us to believe that the rock may have gone through an annealing process. Evidence of annealing effects on radon emanation has been reported by Barretto (1975). Further experiments were made with a set of increasing and decreasing temperatures to investigate the extent of hysteresis in the reservoir rock annealing process. Data from these experiments involving several increments and decrements in temperature indicated little hysteresis. The data for preannealing and post-annealing periods are given in Tables 2 and 3. The relationship of fractional change in radon concentration with pressure and temperature are shown in Figures 2 and 3. P. 147" @default.
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• W1981562999 date "1980-05-28" @default.
• W1981562999 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1981562999 title "Radon Emanation And Transect Studies" @default.
• W1981562999 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/8990-ms" @default.
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