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- W1982296952 abstract "The role of catecholamines and calcium in the regulation of blood flow was assessed by measuring their contributions to vascular tone by pharmacological intervention in the forearm arterial circulation. Postjunctional α1- and α2-adrenoceptor blockade with prazosin and yohimbine, respectively, produced a greater increase in forearm blood flow (FAF; venous occlusion plethysmography) in patients with essential hypertension than in normotensive subjects. This suggests that the sympathetic nervous system contributes to the elevated vascular resistance in essential hypertension via an enhanced α-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstrictor component. Adrenaline induced vasoconstriction through stimulation of postjunctional α2-adrenoceptors was demonstrated and this may be important in conditions associated with high concentrations of circulating adrenaline. Under resting conditions the β-adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilator force as measured by vascular β-adrenoceptor blockade was small compared to its vasodilator potential: intraarterial infusion of isoproterenol increased FAF about 3.5 times, the vasodilator response decreasing with older age. Enhanced calcium influx dependent vasoconstriction in patients with essential hypertension was demonstrated by the greater increase in FAF to calcium entry blockade. Together with the elevated intracellular free calcium concentration in platelets of hypertensive patients, this points to a derangement in the handling of calcium at the subcellular level in essential hypertension. A link between the elevated intracellular free calcium concentration and enhanced calcium influx dependent vasoconstriction is suggested by the normalization of both during antihypertensive treatment. Increased adrenergic activity in essential hypertension as reflected by supranormal plasma adrenaline concentrations in about one-third of patients may contribute to enhanced cellular calcium influx through receptor-operated calcium channels, and this is supported by the direct relationship between plasma adrenaline concentrations and the increases in FAF to α-adrenoceptor as well as to calcium entry blockade. Increased sympathetic activity and enhanced cellular calcium influx thus greatly contribute to the elevated vascular resistance in essential hypertension." @default.
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- W1982296952 date "1987-01-01" @default.
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- W1982296952 title "The Role of Catecholamines and Calcium in the Regulation of Blood Flow in Normotensive Subjects and in Patients with Essential Hypertension" @default.
- W1982296952 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/00005344-198700105-00008" @default.
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