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• W1983132684 abstract "The western quarter of North America consists of accreted terranes—crustal blocks added over the past 200 million years—but the reason for this is unclear. The widely accepted explanation posits that the oceanic Farallon plate acted as a conveyor belt, sweeping terranes into the continental margin while subducting under it. Here we show that this hypothesis, which fails to explain many terrane complexities, is also inconsistent with new tomographic images of lower-mantle slabs, and with their locations relative to plate reconstructions. We offer a reinterpretation of North American palaeogeography and test it quantitatively: collision events are clearly recorded by slab geometry, and can be time calibrated and reconciled with plate reconstructions and surface geology. The seas west of Cretaceous North America must have resembled today’s western Pacific, strung with island arcs. All proto-Pacific plates initially subducted into almost stationary, intra-oceanic trenches, and accumulated below as massive vertical slab walls. Above the slabs, long-lived volcanic archipelagos and subduction complexes grew. Crustal accretion occurred when North America overrode the archipelagos, causing major episodes of Cordilleran mountain building. A new explanation for the origin of the accreted terranes that form the mountainous Cordillera of western North America is proposed and tested: stationary, intra-oceanic subduction deposited massive slab walls in the mantle and grew volcanic archipelagos at the surface, which were overridden by and accreted to North America during Cretaceous times. The generally accepted account of how the geology of western North America developed involves the oceanic Farallon plate acting as a conveyor belt, sweeping crustal terranes onto the continental margin as it moves beneath the North American plate. This model fails to explain many aspects of this accreted terrane, and here Karin Sigloch and Mitchell Mihalynuk present an alternative model based on new tomographic images of lower-mantle slabs and modelling of deep-mantle structure in the region. They propose that, during the Cretaceous period, there were a series of island arcs west of North America, beneath which proto-Pacific plates subducted into almost stationary trenches. Long-lived volcanic archipelagos and subduction complexes grew above the slabs, and then accreted onto North America as it overrode the archipelagos, causing episodes of Cordilleran mountain building." @default.
• W1983132684 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1983132684 date "2013-04-01" @default.
• W1983132684 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W1983132684 title "Intra-oceanic subduction shaped the assembly of Cordilleran North America" @default.
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• W1983132684 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12019" @default.
• W1983132684 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23552944" @default.
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