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• W1983671706 abstract "An important metabolic function for glutamine in rat small intestine is suggested by the large uptake from blood and metabolism to account for about 30% of CO2 produced [Windmueller, H. G., and Spaeth, A. E., J. Biol. Chem. (1974) 249, 5070–5079]. The activities of several glutamine-degrading enzymes in intestine were therefore examined. A highly active phosphate-dependent glutaminase was found in the mucosal epithelium of rats, dogs, cats, hamsters, rabbits, and monkeys; activity was lower in guinea pigs and chickens. The net uptake of glutamine by intestine was greatest in those animals with the highest blood glutamine concentration and tissue glutaminase activity. Specific activity was similar in mucosa of rat duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, but diminished in stomach, cecum, and colon. Phosphate-dependent glutaminase was found in both villus and crypt cells and was associated with mitochondria. The enzyme appears similar in many respects to phosphate-dependent glutaminase of kidney and brain. However, unlike the kidney enzyme, its activity was not induced during acidosis. The glutamine analogs, l-2-amino-4-oxo-5-chloropentanoic acid (chloroketone) and 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) were effective irreversible inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. Glutamine protected against inhibition. Chloroketone administered luminally into a rat jejunal segment in situ resulted in 50% inhibition of glutaminase activity and totally inhibited the hydrolysis of glutamine subsequently absorbed from the lumen. The hydrolysis of glutamine taken up from arterial blood was not affected. However, DON administered arterially inhibited glutaminase almost completely and inhibited the hydrolysis of both luminal and arterial glutamine. The data indicate that metabolism of glutamine to glutamate occurs in mitochondria of both villus and crypt cells and that phosphate-dependent glutaminase is the major glutamine-utilizing enzyme of small intestine." @default.
• W1983671706 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1983671706 date "1977-08-01" @default.
• W1983671706 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
• W1983671706 title "Phosphate-dependent glutaminase of small intestine: Localization and role in intestinal glutamine metabolism" @default.
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• W1983671706 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(77)90531-8" @default.
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