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- W1983886641 abstract "Abstract A fixed-precision list-quadrat sequential counting plan for estimating point-densities within mixed black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.)/balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) seedling populations was evaluated using sampling simulations. Employing seedling count frequency data derived from 43 0.121-ha sample populations using 100 nested-groups of four successively larger-sized quadrats (4.0 m2, 8.1 m2, 10.1 m2 and 12.1 m2), the plan was evaluated on the following criteria: (i) number of quadrat samples required to reach a terminating decision (n); (ii) bias in the resultant density estimate ( B x = μ− x o where μ and x o are the actual and estimated mean densities, respectively) (iii) difference between the precision level (ratio of the standard error of the mean to the mean) specified in the plan (Do) and the actual level obtained during sampling (Doa) (i.e. precision level bias: BDo = Do − Doa). The method consisted of the following procedure: (i) randomly splitting the data base into estimation and prediction data sets (i.e. 32 and 11 sample populations, respectively); (ii) calibrating the plan for precision levels 0.175, 0.250 and 0.325 by quadrat size using the estimation data set; (iii) simulating the calibrated plan 100 times on each of the 11 populations within the prediction data set. This procedure was repeated 10 times yielding a total of 11 000 simulations for each precision level-quadrat size combination. Results indicated that the number of samples required to reach a terminating decision exceeded 100 (n > 100) for: (i) quadrat sizes 4.0 m2, 8.1 m2, 10.1 m2 and 12.1 m2 at a precision level of 0.175; (ii) quadrat sizes 4.0 m2 and 8.1 m2 at a precision level of 0.250; (iii) quadrat size 4.0 m2 at a precision level of 0.325. Mean density estimates were negatively biased (over-estimated) for all precision level-quadrat size combinations evaluated (i.e. x o > μ ). Similarly, actual precision levels attained during sampling were less precise than the plan's specified levels for all precision level-quadrat size combination (i.e. Dao >Do). Furthermore, precision level bias increased with decreasing stocking and increasing spatial pattern heterogeneity." @default.
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- W1983886641 date "1992-10-01" @default.
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- W1983886641 title "Evaluation of a sequential counting plan for point-density estimation within black spruce/balsam fir seedling populations" @default.
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- W1983886641 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(92)90043-9" @default.
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