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• W1984279783 abstract "Cattle fed roughages treated with anhydrous ammonia (NH3) developed a syndrome of hyperexcitability. The most characteristic symptom of the disorder was sudden galloping in circles. Studies were undertaken to determine the conditions of cereal straw ammoniation leading to the development of the syndrome in cattle fed the roughage. Of the variables tested in this research, the temperature reached by the roughage during ammoniation appeared to be most closely linked with occurrence of the disorder. Hyperexcitability was not observed when straw temperatures remained below 70°C during treatment. Roughages with a high content of reserve carbohydrates prior to ammoniation appeared to be particularly liable to cause hyperexcitability when fed after ammoniation. Toxins appear to be formed by chemical reactions involving ammonia, reducing sugars and heat. The non-reducing sugar sucrose did not appear to be involved in the formation of toxins in ammoniated straw. Environmental stresses such as cold, drought or disease during the crop's reproductive phase largely determine the extent of translocation of reserve carbohydrates from the stem and leaves to the grain. The degree of crop failure can probably be used as an index of predisposition of the straw to become toxic after (thermo-) ammoniation. Ammoniation of immaturely harvested crops also produces high-risk fodder. In these experiments, no symptoms were observed when straw was ensiled with urea as the source of ammonia. Drenching cattle fed a “problem batch” of straw with magnesium oxide did not prevent hyperexcitability. Cattle fed “toxic” straw do not appear to adapt to the toxins, nor does treated material lose its toxic properties during prolonged storage. Untreated and pasteurised milk from cows fed straw that had been ammoniated at 90°C and previously implicated in the disorder caused hyperexcitability in calves. The potential danger to human health requires further study." @default.
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• W1984279783 date "1987-04-01" @default.
• W1984279783 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W1984279783 title "Hyperexcitability in cattle fed ammoniated roughages" @default.
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• W1984279783 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(87)90009-5" @default.
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